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Siraf finds confirm 'Persian Gulf' title's antiquity

Submitted by coldrum on Monday, 06 July 2009  Page Views: 1297

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The second phase of archeological excavations in the Iranian port city of Siraf yields new evidence confirming the antiquity of the Persian Gulf title.

Iranian archeologists discovered Sassanid and early-Islamic residential strata as well as a number of intact amphoras used in sea trade during the Parthian, Abbasid and early Islamic eras.

“The unearthed amphoras are the first of their kind found in Siraf and can provide useful clues about water trade routes,” said head of the Siraf archeology team Mohammad Esmaili.

“The team also found bright red Indian earthenware in the Siraf fortress, which date back to the late Sassanid era,” he added.

The fortress lies at the site's highest area and was used to protect the governor and his family during wars.

“The second phase of Siraf excavations aimed to determine the cultural sequence, study the expansion of urbanism in Siraf and explore its commercial relations with southern regions of the Persian Gulf, central Iran, India and china during Sassanid and Islamic eras,” said Esmaili.

He added that the recent findings are important evidence proving the age-old title of the 'Persian' Gulf.

While historical documents show that the waterway has always been referred to as the 'Persian Gulf', certain Arab states have recently mounted efforts to remove 'Persian' from the name of the waterway.

Iran designated April 30 as the National Persian Gulf Day to highlight the fact that the waterway has been referred to by historians and ancient texts as 'Persian' since the Achaemenid Empire was established in what is now modern day Iran.

The ancient city of Siraf is located 220 kilometers southeast of Bushehr and approximately 380 kilometers west of Bandar Abbas.

The discovery of east African ivory objects, Indian stone pieces, and Afghan lapis confirmed the use of the historic port as the main marine trade route during the pre-Islamic era and the first four centuries following the advent of Islam.

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Contributor Bio for coldrum: Based in Milkyway, contributing since 2002. Favourite site: Avebury.

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Archaeologists may have found 5,000-year-old civilization in southern Iran by coldrum on Sunday, 23 October 2011
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Archaeologists may have found 5,000-year-old civilization in southern Iran

A team of archaeologists working on Bam riverside in Kerman Province have recently unearthed ruins of a large ancient site, which are believed to belong to a 5000-year-old civilization.

The site was discovered while excavating for a construction project in the Khajeh Askar region near the city of Bam, team director Nader Alidadi-Soleimani told the Persian service of the Mehr News Agency on Tuesday.

“Unfortunately, part of the site was damaged during the excavation,” he said.

“Based on the artifacts unearthed there, the site was one of the early places of human habitation in Iran, whose inhabitants had a connection with other civilizations such as the Jiroft civilization,” he explained.

The team has also discovered a number of pieces of intact pottery and shards. Study of the artifacts suggests that use of potter’s wheel was not common at the site.

Alidadi-Soleimani also said that two styles of burial, one for a man and another for woman, have been identified at two cemeteries discovered at the site.

One of the bodies was buried in a fetal position and another was lying face up.

The bodies had been buried with various artifacts. A seashell containing chromatic material used for women’s cosmetics was found beside one of the bodies.

The Jiroft civilization was discovered next to the Halil-Rud River in Kerman Province in 2002 when reports surfaced of extensive illegal excavations and plundering of priceless historical items in the area by locals.

Since 2002, five excavation seasons have been carried out at the Jiroft site under the supervision of Yusef Majidzadeh, leading to the discovery of a ziggurat made of more than four million mud bricks dating back to about 2200 BC.

Many ancient ruins and interesting artifacts have been excavated by archaeologists at the Jiroft ancient site, which is known as the “archeologists’ lost heaven”.

After the numerous unique discoveries in the region, Majidzadeh declared Jiroft to be the cradle of art. Many scholars questioned the theory since no writings or architectural structures had yet been discovered at the site, but shortly afterwards his team discovered inscriptions at Konar Sandal Ziggurat, causing experts to reconsider their opinions about it.

The Konar Sandal inscriptions are older than the Inshushinak inscription, suggesting that the recently discovered inscriptions link Proto Elamite script, which first appeared in Susa about 2900 BC, with Old Elamite, which was used between about 2250 and 2220 BC.

Many Iranian and foreign experts see the findings in Jiroft as signs of a civilization as great as Sumer and ancient Mesopotamia. Majidzadeh believes that Jiroft is the ancient city of Aratta, which was described as a great civilization in a Sumerian clay inscription. http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=233635
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