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Archaeologists score with ball field dig

Submitted by vicky on Friday, 10 October 2003  Page Views: 3531

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Long before an air base occupied the land on which RAF Mildenhall now stands, Iron Age cattle grazed there and Roman era farmers grew grain in the sandy soil. Archaeologists digging where the base plans to build a new baseball field have found evidence of these earlier occupations. The Suffolk County Council archaeological services team has found cattle and human bones from the Iron Age, and coins, brooches and human bones from the Roman era.

Andrew Tester, senior project officer, said some bits of Anglo-Saxon life also have been found.

Referring to a wealth of artifacts found at nearby RAF Lakenheath, Tester observed that “archaeology is very lucky to have these American bases here.”

Tester explained that the bases are less destructive to archaeological sites than agriculture. Many artifacts are destroyed as farmers plow their fields, he said.

And, he added, when bases are built, the project includes an archaeological study of the site ahead of the construction — a precaution required throughout the county.

Keith Sturmey, project manager for Defence Estates, which manages property for the Ministry of Defence, said his organization is spending 100,000 British pounds (about $160,000) to fund this archaeological effort, just as it does every time the Air Force wants to build.

“We have a good relationship with Defence Estates,” Tester said. “They do the right thing.”

The archaeologists have been poking and probing, scraping and sweeping at the site since the middle of July. The area is impressive in its size, Tester said. It covers most of an acre; most sites are much smaller.

Tester has had up to 15 people working on the site in one day to cover the numerous trenches that have been dug and must be gingerly worked.

Tester said he expected this area to yield pieces of interest to archaeologists. When the East Anglian water department did work in 1995 just outside the perimeter fence nearby, the county archaeologists found several worthwhile artifacts.

So Tester was happy to hear about the baseball field project.

“I almost bit their hands off,” he said. “I said, ‘Yes, by all means, build a baseball field there.’”

The dig has unearthed about what Tester expected, although the presence of a Roman building more than 30 feet wide was a surprise.

Tester’s team did find a body from the late Iron Age or early Roman era. It was buried on its face, which, Tester said, is “slightly odd.”

“He was about 30 years old and he had a lot of muscle,” he said.

A couple bodies have yet to be excavated. One is in a wooden casket, meaning it is certainly Roman.

The archaeologists will wrap up their work later this month so work can continue on the ball field.

The artefacts will be examined by experts. Ultimately, they will help push forward a bit the understanding of life in eastern England centuries ago, long before there was an RAF Mildenhall.


Source: Stars & Stripes 06/10/2003


Note: Update - skeleton could be Iceni Warrior. See comment below.

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"Archaeologists score with ball field dig" | Login/Create an Account | 1 comment
  
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Re: Archaeologists score with ball field dig by Vicky on Friday, 10 October 2003
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From Norfolk Now 10/10/2003:

Was this an Iceni warrior?

Rob Brooks works on the grave Just under the surface of the forest floor, among the twisted tree roots, a young man's body has lain undisturbed for 2000 years.

The skeleton of a muscular 30-year-old, who could have been an Iceni warrior, was found buried face down in earth that was part of rich Fen lands and now is behind the fortified fence of an American base.

These human remains are only one of five that have so far been unearthed during a dig that has produced remnants of buildings, pottery, animal bones and flint tools, dating to between 2500BC and 410AD.
Archaeologists say finds made at the 25,000 sq m site at RAF Mildenhall reveal significant detail about how different peoples co-existed in the turbulent times of the late Iron Age and early Roman era, when the conquerors brought their new culture and religions into the country.

At that point, the area was economically very rich - as is borne out by the discovery of the Mildenhall Treasure, found only fields away from the airbase.

Suffolk County Council's archaeological service's senior project officer for the dig, Andrew Tester, said it was an important excavation.

"As an excavation, it is very significant and the scale of it is something special. We are getting a bigger picture of the landscape at that time. We're not just digging little ditches and getting little bits of information, we're getting the whole site.

"It has been a settlement from pre-history; particularly, it was well-used through the Iron Age and Roman times. They used to herd cattle here through the Iron Age and Bronze Age," he said.

The team of 15 has found a pear-shaped corral and a watering hole, in which they found cattle bones.
Nearer the current tree line, there is a 10m building shaped in the sand from the Roman era, and a horse's head, ribs, limbs and spine were found buried within it.

"The horse was probably butchered and buried there as a ritual foundation. In the Iron Age, the horse was an important status symbol and often involved in religious ceremonies," said Mr Tester.

"We have excavated three burials - two were crouch burials, which are more traditional to Bronze Age and Iron Age. We found one that is a proper interment, and he was buried face down. According to our bone specialist, Sue Anderson, he was aged 30 and had a lot of muscle.

"In the early Roman, late Iron, Age there were many changes in religious practice and ideas. People were choosing to be buried in different ways. He was almost certainly Iceni and he could have been an Iceni warrior.

"This was an Iceni area and they were a traditional people. The Romans adapted and adopted other religions."

Within a few weeks, the dig will be over and work will start on turning the site into a baseball pitch for USAF servicemen.

The dig cost £100,000 and was paid for by the Ministry of Defence's estates department, which knew there would be archaeological interest after unearthing two Roman burials and three Iron Age burials in 1997 on the site of what is now a car park.

Defence Estates manager for Mildenhall, Paul Grace, said: "If I was a developer and was told I had to pay £100,000 to excavate to find out what happened here, I would walk away. But archaeologists would lose this valuable information and nothing would have been gained."
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