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That's the million dollar question really!!
The only wholly truthful answer is, we don't know.... and probably never will have the full answer. There are certain clues we can draw from and speculate on their meanings, but to go into that in any depth here would mean writing something approaching a book's worth of text.
If you are interested in Rock Art, I'd recommend reading Richard Bradley's book 'Rock Art and the Prehistory of Atlantic Europe: Signing the Land', which looks at the spread of rock art over Europe, it's possible meanings and other practical factors such as it's position in the landscape etc. Stan Beckensall's books are well recommended too.
Another great way to get to grips with rock art is to go and visit it. There's no better way of getting to grips with the subject than seeing it in it's natural setting. Often located in areas with fantastic views, it's well worth making the effort.
Andy H
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