<< Text Pages >> Stainton West - Ancient Mine, Quarry or other Industry in England in Cumbria

Submitted by Andy B on Thursday, 11 October 2018  Page Views: 1722

Multi-periodSite Name: Stainton West
Country: England
NOTE: This site is 1.914 km away from the location you searched for.
County: Cumbria Type: Ancient Mine, Quarry or other Industry
Nearest Town: Carlisle
Map Ref: NY3759457137
Latitude: 54.905035N  Longitude: 2.974792W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
 1 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
 1 Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
 no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
 5

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The Stainton West site, lying 2km north-west of Carlisle (NGR NY 37594 57137), comprised features and lithic scatters associated with a complex sequence of deposits within a palaeochannel, perched on an early Holocene terrace, above the present floodplain of the River Eden. The site was discovered by Oxford Archaeology North during construction work associated with building a new road and bridge over the Eden.

The earliest radiocarbon date from the terrace as a whole, a single assay of 8720–8450 cal BC (9320±40BP; SUERC-33917), is from residual charcoal within the primary fill of the ditch of a probable henge monument, approximately 150m to the north of the aforementioned channel. It is possible that this carbon indicates burning of vegetation or other activity by humans at thisearly time, although there was no clearly contemporary cultural material in close association with it.

In 2008-9, Oxford Archaeology North undertook the excavation of internationally significant prehistoric remains at Stainton West, near to Carlisle. There, archaeological features and a huge (>300,000 pieces), in situ, lithic assemblage, survived on a buried land surface adjacent to a palaeochannel of the River Eden. This appears to have been a ‘persistent place’, with human activity spanning c 6000-1400 cal BC. Hunter-gatherers made camp there from the beginning of this time and an extensive encampment, probably a place of seasonal aggregation, was occupied over several centuries in the mid-fifth millennium cal BC. In the Neolithic period and Bronze Age, the site seems to have played a rather different role, probably hosting votive activities rather than being a place of settlement.

More here: Stainton West by Fraser Brown, Oxford Archaeology North (PDF)
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Nearby Images from Geograph Britain and Ireland:
NY3756 : The Cumbria Coastal Way near Stainton by Adrian Taylor
by Adrian Taylor
©2023(licence)
NY3756 : The new Carlisle West Bypass by Ian S
by Ian S
©2012(licence)
NY3756 : The new Carlisle Western By-pass crosses the River Eden by David Purchase
by David Purchase
©2013(licence)
NY3757 : The opening ceremony of the CNDR by David Liddle
by David Liddle
©2013(licence)
NY3756 : Electricity pylon in field west of Eden View Farm by Roger Templeman
by Roger Templeman
©2021(licence)

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"Stainton West" | Login/Create an Account | 3 News and Comments
  
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Settling Down Around the Solway Plain, Stones of Contention? by Andy B on Thursday, 11 October 2018
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Settling Down Around the Solway Plain, Stones of Contention? Lithics and the Mesolithic-neolithic Transition in Cumbria

This blog is follows the research of my AHRC-funded PhD. It is a collaborative research project between Oxford Archaeology North and the University of Central Lancashire investigating the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Cumbria. It develops upon the discovery and excavation of Stainton West, a large late-Mesolithic to Bronze Age site discovered in the process of the construction of the Carlisle Northern Development
Route in 2008/2009.

https://stonesofcontention.wordpress.com/
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Re: Stainton West by Andy B on Thursday, 11 October 2018
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... It did not prove
possible to gain access to Stainton West until 2005, when it was subject to trench
evaluation (CFA 2005). The evaluation retrieved eight worked lithics from the topsoil,
provisionally dated to the Late Neolithic period (HER 41362), and, in one trench, a
preserved root from an oak tree. Some of the naturally deposited sediments were
interpreted as silting within a palaeochannel. Generally, the geology was shown to
comprise deposits of alluvial sediment.
On the basis of this information, the site at Stainton West was originally identified by the
project brief (CCCHES and English Heritage 2009) as an area for strip and record.

This
phase of works was duly undertaken by OA North in 2009 and resulted in a major
prehistoric find, the scale and significance of which was unforeseeable at the start of the
project. Upon excavation, it was found that the site comprised features and an extensive
lithic assemblage, associated with a complex sequence of deposits within a palaeochannel,
spanning the Late Mesolithic period to the Bronze Age (OA North 2011; Fig 6).
Stainton West is perched on an early Holocene terrace, above the present floodplain of the
river Eden (Plate 1), and 2km north-west of Carlisle (NY 37594 57137). The earliest
radiocarbon date from the terrace as a whole, a single assay of 8720–8450 cal BC
(9320±40BP; SUERC-33917), is from residual charcoal within the primary fill of the ditch
of a probable hengiform monument, approximately 150m to the north of the main site. It is
possible that this carbon indicates burning of vegetation or other activity by humans at this
early time, although there was no clearly contemporary cultural material in close
association with it.

The deposits filling the palaeochannel contained a particularly well-preserved
palaeoenvironmental assemblage, including deposits of waterlogged wood, pollen, other
plant remains and insects. At various horizons within the channel, from a range of
prehistoric periods, lithic, wooden and ceramic cultural material was recovered.
Radiocarbon dating suggests that the earliest deposits in the channel formed in, at least, the
later Mesolithic period (the earliest date is 5550 cal BC, from a radiocarbon-dated
dendrochronological sequence). The wood in the earliest part of the sequence had been
used by beavers to construct an arrangement of dams and lodges. Some of the wood had
been burnt, tree-felling debris was also present, and a small lithic assemblage, at the same
level, provided further evidence that humans were active there at this time. Sealing these
early deposits, and pre-dating a phase of Early Neolithic activity in the channel
(radiocarbon dates suggest this activity commenced c 3800 cal BC), are alluvial deposits
associated with wooden debris yielding a dendrochronological sequence spanning the
period 4466-4144 cal BC (Brown et al in prep).

Adjacent to the channel was an extremely rich, largely in situ, assemblage of worked lithic
material (c 303,970 pieces; Table 1; Fig 6). Detailed lithic analysis, undertaken on a sample
of the assemblage, indicates a predominantly narrow blade, small geometric microlith, Late
Mesolithic technology. Archaeological features associated with this lithic scatter included
tree throws, hearths and stakehole structures that probably indicate a contemporary
settlement. Radiocarbon dating of these features has proved difficult, as very little organic
material survives, but several radiocarbon dates have been obtained that indicate that the
majority of the activity probably took place in the range of c 5000-c 4000 cal BC.

https://altogetherarchaeology.org/PDF-links/Lithic%20S

Read the rest of this post...
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Re: Stainton West by Andy B on Thursday, 11 October 2018
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Carlisle Northern Development Route
Archaeological Post-Excavation Project
Gallery 3- Stainton West, Palaeochannel.
http://cndr.oxfordarchaeology.com/content/gallery-3-stainton-west-palaeochannel

Stainton West (Parcel 27) CNDR Post-excavation Assessment

Expanding Horizons: Raw material use during the Late Mesolithic at Stainton West, Carlisle, Cumbria - Raw material use in Late Mesolithic of Northern Britain
Poster presented at 10th Conference for Hunter and Gatherer Societies (CHAGS) , Liverpool 2013 by Ann Clarke, Lithic Specialist
https://annrocks.co.uk/expanding-horizons-raw-material-use-during-the-late-mesolithic-at-stainton-west-carlisle-cumbria/
https://annclarke.archaeo.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2014/04/CNDRPoster1.jpg

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