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<< Other Photo Pages >> Rakhigarhi - Ancient Village or Settlement in India

Submitted by bat400 on Tuesday, 19 October 2021  Page Views: 4739

Multi-periodSite Name: Rakhigarhi Alternative Name: Rakhi Garhi, Rakhi-khas, Rakhi-shahpur, RGR1 through RGR4
Country: India
NOTE: This site is 40.367 km away from the location you searched for.

Type: Ancient Village or Settlement
Nearest Town: New Dehli  Nearest Village: Rakhigarhi
Latitude: 29.289000N  Longitude: 76.113000E
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
2 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
2

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Rakhigarhi
Rakhigarhi submitted by dodomad : The well preserved granary, built with mud bricks and lined with lime and grass to ward off insects and moisture. Photo credit: : Ramesh Sharma Site in India (Vote or comment on this photo)
Ancient Town in Haryana, India. Multiple 5000 year old hamlets, collectively called Rakhigarhi, make up one of the largest Harappan (Indus Valley) civilization sites found outside of Mohenjo-daro. This site is now known to cover 350 hectares.

Excavated remains are now covered over, but the site remains susceptible to looting.

Note: Location provided is for the modern village.

See also Mohenjo-daro, another of the largest city-settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization.

Note: First ancient DNA from Indus Valley civilization links its people to modern South Asians (item from 2019). More on our page.
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Rakhigarhi
Rakhigarhi submitted by dodomad : The skeleton analyzed in the ancient DNA study, shown associated with typical Indus Valley Civilization grave goods and illustrating the typical North-South orientation of IVC burials. Photo Credit: Vasant Shinde / Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute (Vote or comment on this photo)

Rakhigarhi
Rakhigarhi submitted by dodomad : First ancient DNA from Indus Valley civilization links its people to modern South Asians Graphic courtesy India Today (Vote or comment on this photo)

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Nearby Images from Flickr
National Museum in Delhi 4 - Harappan burial
IMG_3809.jpg

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Nearby sites listing. In the following links * = Image available
 75.7km ESE 116° Farmana Harappan burial site Ancient Village or Settlement
 134.6km SE 129° Qutab Minar Complex* Ancient Temple
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 345.3km NNE 17° Manu Maharishi Temple* Ancient Temple
 346.6km WNW 296° Harappa* Ancient Village or Settlement
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"Rakhigarhi" | Login/Create an Account | 3 News and Comments
  
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First ancient DNA from Indus Valley civilization links its people to modern locals by Andy B on Tuesday, 19 October 2021
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Article from 2019: First ancient DNA from Indus Valley civilization links its people to modern South Asians

For the first time, scientists have sequenced the genome of a person from the Harappan or Indus Valley Civilization, which peaked in today’s India-Pakistan border region around 2600 to 1900 B.C. A trace amount of DNA from a woman in a 4,500-year-old burial site, painstakingly recovered from ancient skeletal remains, gives researchers a window into one of the oldest civilizations in the world. The work, along with a comprehensive analysis of ancient DNA across the Eurasian continent, also raises new questions about the origins of agriculture in South Asia.

The ancient Harappan genome, sequenced and described in the journal Cell, was compared to the DNA of modern South Asians, revealing that the people of the IVC were the primary ancestors of most living Indians. Both modern South Asian DNA and the Harappan genome have a telltale mixture of ancient Iranian DNA and a smattering of Southeast Asian hunter-gatherer lineages. "Ancestry like that in the IVC individuals is the primary ancestry source in South Asia today,” co-author David Reich, a geneticist at Harvard Medical School, said in a statement. “This finding ties people in South Asia today directly to the Indus Valley Civilization.”

Scientists have a notoriously difficult time recovering ancient DNA in South Asia, where the subtropical climate typically makes genetic preservation impossible. It took a massive, time-consuming effort to produce the genome from remains found in the cemetery at Rakhigarhi, the Harappans’ largest city, located in the modern Indian state of Haryana. Scientists collected powder from 61 skeletal samples, but just one contained a minute amount of ancient DNA. That sample was sequenced as much as possible, generating 100 different collections of DNA fragments, called libraries, each of which were too incomplete to yield their own analysis.

More at
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/rare-ancient-dna-south-asia-reveals-complexities-little-known-civilization-180973053/

See also
First ancient DNA from Indus Valley civilization links its people to modern South Asians
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/912501
and
https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20180910-rakhigarhi-dna-study-findings-indus-valley-civilisation-1327247-2018-08-31
[ Reply to This ]

Largest Harappan site could also be the origin of the civilisation by bat400 on Wednesday, 23 July 2014
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The twin Haryana villages of Rakhi-khas and Rakhi-shahpur are among the most important sites of the Harappan civilisation outside Mohenjodaro. The area has also emerged as the largest Harappan site, spread over 350 hectares at last count. A recently concluded excavation has also gathered more evidence to support the theory that the origins of the 5,000-year-old civilisation can be found here.

The four-month-long excavation, led by Professor Vasant Shinde (Deccan College, Pune) was carried out on RGR 4, the fourth of the seven mounds dug up in Rakhigarhi. Among the major finds of the dig, which wrapped up in April, are the discovery of a near-intact granary and artefacts from the early to late phase of the ancient civilisation. At the moment, however, there are few signs of the dig. The excavated mounds have been covered with fresh soil. The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) fence running along its perimeter has stopped no one; villagers continue to cut across to reach their fields and children unearth priceless artefacts to sell them for a few hundred rupees to the occasional tourist. The quarters designated for the ASI-appointed guards at the edge of RGR 1 lies locked and abandoned. “Addressing this (apathy/ignorance) was one of the objectives of the excavation,” says Shinde. While the process for acquiring a World Heritage tag has begun, the village has already made it to the list of endangered sites in Asia.

The research objective was to collect evidence for the theory historians and archaeologists have come to support for a decade now. The findings at Rakhigarhi and other sites in Haryana have led them to believe that Harappan culture might have its roots here on the banks of the now-extinct rivers of Saraswati and Drishadvati. “Rakhigarhi is ideal to study the growth of the culture. We’ve found evidence for the beginning, dating back to 5,500 BC,” says Shinde.

Since January, a team of 10 faculty members from Deccan College and 20-25 students had camped at a farmhouse, nearly 3km from the site. Life at the dig began early. Armed with knives and brushes, they chipped away, horizontally, at the soil, 5-6cm at a time. Data was collected in the form of seals, ornaments and pottery. One of the most important markers of the phases, says Shinde, is its pottery. “The pottery of the mature phase of Harappan civilisation is more advanced and you can see that here.”

In the evenings, the faculty held classes. Post-dinner, the teams sifted and recorded the evidence at the local farmhouse, abuzz with debates and discussions late into the night. “It is an exciting time to be here,” says Kim Yongjun (Deccan College and Seoul National University). Yongjun is part of a forensics team collecting DNA to establish the second part of the research puzzle: who were the Harappans? In 2006, Shinde and his team had discovered a burial site at Farmana, less than 50km away.

The teams have also discovered a granary dating back to 2,500BC, crucial to understanding the lifestyle of the time. “We’ve unearthed seven rooms but there are more,” says Shinde.

Last week, when we visited Rakhigarhi, Wazir Chand, the 54-year-old resident historian, agreed to show us around. Despite the lack of formal training, Chand has been involved in every dig here. As a young lad he would accompany Rs. Bisht, a former ASI director, on excavations and bring back small artefacts. Since the ’90s, Chand has waged a lone battle for Rakhigarhi, taking up matters with ASI and the government, holding classes for local children.

The archaeologists are set to return in December for another four-month stint. And while questions like ‘Who were the Harappans?’ remain unanswered, Shinde says, “Take a walk around Rakhigarhi. You’ll find you’re still strolling in a Harappan village.”

Thanks to coldrum for the link. For more, see http://www.thehindubusinessli

Read the rest of this post...
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    Rakhigarhi is the largest Harappan site ever found by Andy B on Tuesday, 19 October 2021
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    Article from Express India, March 2007:

    The excavations in Rakhigarhi, situated in Hisar, Haryana, have pushed back the history of civilisation by more than 500 years. “It is the largest Harappan site ever found,” said the director of Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), New Delhi, Dr Amerendra Nath, while delivering a lecture on ‘Rakhigarhi - A Harappan Metropolis’ at the ICSSR Complex, Panjab University, today. The lecture was organised by the Department of Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology, PU.

    “The site yielded finds of the early Harappan and mature Harappan phase,” said Dr Nath. He said that features like knowledgeof writing, use of wedge-shaped bricks and town planning, earlier thought to be present in the mature phase i.e 2500 BC, were discovered to be present in the early phase i.e 3000 BC. Evidence of well-planned towns were found, he said.

    Dr Nath designated two periods in the early Harappan phase — pre-formative and formative. “The pre-formative period yielded circular structures and showed no formal planning. Whereas, the formative period exhibited planned structures. Burnt bricks were much in use during the early Harappan phase,” said Dr Nath.

    The mature Harappan phase yielded a granary, with evidence of grain, fire altars and potters kiln. There was evidence of various crafts such as bead- making, bangle making, seal manufacturing, gold making, carpentry and terracotta making, practised by the people. Fish hooks were also discovered, pointing to the fact that the people practised fishing. Mirrors, tops, whistles arrowheads, rattles and tops were found. There is evidence to show that hopscotch was also played.

    Dr Nath said this site is very rich in antiquities and extensive excavations in future can throw more light on various debatable issues. He however added that limited excavation was taken up because people are residing on the area.

    The ASI has compiled a catalogue of symbols occurring in the Harappan context. The other projects include refurbishing of museums, preparing plans for management of World Heritage sites and undertaking conservation projects. Some projects are also in progress in Cambodia and Pakistan.

    Prof Devendra Handa in his presidential remarks stressed on the need to excavate the site on a larger scale, which would acquaint us with detailed picture of this site and broader picture of rich Harappan civilisation.

    The chairman of AIHC and Archaeology, Prof Ashvini Agrawal also spoke on the occasion.

    More news of research on the Harappan civilization of ancient India in the comments on this page
    http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=2146412888
    [ Reply to This ]

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