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Inscribed Across the Landscape: The Cursus Monuments of Great Britain

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<< Our Photo Pages >> Sakkara Pyramid - Pyramid / Mastaba in Egypt in Lower Egypt (North)

Submitted by AlexHunger on Thursday, 15 July 2021  Page Views: 10936

Multi-periodSite Name: Sakkara Pyramid Alternative Name: Djoser's Pyramid, Saqqara
Country: Egypt Region: Lower Egypt (North) Type: Pyramid / Mastaba
Nearest Town: Cairo  Nearest Village: Sakkara
Latitude: 29.871270N  Longitude: 31.216391E
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
4 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
5 Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
5 Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4

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Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by AlexHunger : The world's first large stone structure built under Pharao Djoser founder of the 3rd Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Under the Architect Imhotep, the original small mastaba was expanded in all directions to a height of 62 Meters, a length of 123 Meters and a width of 107 Meters. The stone blocks are much smaller than those of the later pyramids. The pyramid had a casing eventually, though this is ... (Vote or comment on this photo)
The world's first large stone structure built under Pharaoh Djoser founder of the 3rd Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Under the Architect Imhotep, the original small mastaba was expanded in all directions to a height of 62 metres, a length of 123 metres and a width of 107 metres. The stone blocks are much smaller than those of the later pyramids.

The pyramid had a casing eventually, though this is now lost. Imhotep was eventually deified as a healer god.

There are numerous passages under the pyramids where a mummified leg bone possibly belonging to Djoser, as well as a child's mummy were found, however the passages are said to unstable and can no longer be visited.

Djoser's statue was found at the complex and is now in the Cairo Museum. During his reign he was referred to as Horus Netjerykhet and is thought to have been the first to conquer Nubia. His successor Sekhemkhet has a pyramid a couple of hundred metres south, but it is quite damaged yet has an alabaster sarcophagus.

Note: The Smithsonian presents a special feature: Inside the Tombs of Saqqara - more in the comments on our page
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Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by rldixon : Step pyramid at Sakkara scanned from a slide taken 1985. (Vote or comment on this photo)

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by 43559959 : The first pyramid (Vote or comment on this photo)

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by davidmorgan : In the beer tent at Saqqara after a horse ride from Giza. 1981. (1 comment - Vote or comment on this photo)

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by davidmorgan : The stepped pyramid at Saqqara. Photo taken 1981. (Vote or comment on this photo)

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by AlexHunger : The world's first large stone structure built under Pharaoh Djoser founder of the 3rd Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Under the Architect Imhotep, the original small mastaba was expanded in all directions to a height of 62 metres, a length of 123 metres and a width of 107 metres. The stone blocks are much smaller than those of the later pyramids. The pyramid had a casing eventually, though this is... (Vote or comment on this photo)

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by karolus : Sakkara forecourt and pyramid, 2020

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by 43559959 : Sakkara, the first of the great pyramids.

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by AlexHunger : Entrance. The world's first large stone structure built under Pharaoh Djoser founder of the 3rd Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Under the Architect Imhotep, the original small mastaba was expanded in all directions to a height of 62 metres, a length of 123 metres and a width of 107 metres. The stone blocks are much smaller than those of the later pyramids. The pyramid had a casing eventually, thou...

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by AlexHunger : The world's first large stone structure built under Pharaoh Djoser founder of the 3rd Dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Under the Architect Imhotep, the original small mastaba was expanded in all directions to a height of 62 metres, a length of 123 metres and a width of 107 metres. The stone blocks are much smaller than those of the later pyramids. The pyramid had a casing eventually, though this is...

Sakkara Pyramid
Sakkara Pyramid submitted by karolus : Djoser pyramid 2020

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Nearby sites listing. In the following links * = Image available
 180m SE 137° Sakkara Temple of Heb-Sed* Ancient Temple
 272m SSE 152° Sakkara Djoser Complex* Ancient Temple
 353m SSE 161° Irukaptah Tomb* Chambered Tomb
 361m SSW 205° Unas Pyramid* Pyramid / Mastaba
 381m NE 38° Userkaf's Pyramid* Pyramid / Mastaba
 384m NW 311° Ptah Hotep Mastaba* Chambered Cairn
 445m N 354° Knuhmhotep and Niankhkhnum Mastaba* Chambered Cairn
 578m NW 315° Serapeum at Sakkara* Ancient Temple
 608m SSW 206° Sekhemkhet's Pyramid Pyramid / Mastaba
 678m NE 43° Mereruka Mastaba* Chambered Cairn
 704m NE 46° Teti I Pyramid* Pyramid / Mastaba
 725m NE 44° Kagemni Mastaba* Chambered Cairn
 860m SE 136° Unas Valley Temple* Ancient Temple
 1.1km WSW 241° Gisr el-Mudir Causewayed Enclosure
 1.9km S 174° Pepy I Pyramid* Pyramid / Mastaba
 2.3km S 169° Djedkare Izezi Pyramid Pyramid / Mastaba
 2.3km S 183° Merenre Nemtyemzaf Pyramid Pyramid / Mastaba
 2.9km NNW 336° Neferefra Sun Temple Ancient Temple
 2.9km NNW 334° Neferirkare's Pyramid* Pyramid / Mastaba
 3.0km NNW 338° Ptah Shepses Mastaba* Chambered Cairn
 3.2km NNW 338° Niuserra Sun Temple* Ancient Temple
 3.2km NNW 337° Sahure's Pyramid* Pyramid / Mastaba
 3.3km S 178° Ibi I Pyramid Pyramid / Mastaba
 3.5km S 185° Pepy II Pyramid* Pyramid / Mastaba
 3.6km S 182° Shepseskaf's Mastaba* Pyramid / Mastaba
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"Sakkara Pyramid" | Login/Create an Account | 3 News and Comments
  
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Inside the Tombs of Saqqara by Andy B on Thursday, 15 July 2021
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Dramatic new discoveries in the ancient Egytptian burial ground. A special report produced by the Smithsonian Magazine and Channel

Twenty miles south of Cairo, on the Nile's west bank, where riverfed crop fields give way to desert, the ancient site of Saqqara is marked by crumbling pyramids that emerge from the sand like dragon's teeth. Most striking is the famous Step Pyramid, built in the 27th century B.C. by Djoser, the Old Kingdom pharaoh who launched the tradition of constructing pyramids as monumental royal tombs. More than a dozen other pyramids are scattered along the five-mile strip of land, which is also dotted with the remains of temples, tombs and walkways that, together, span the entire history of ancient Egypt. But beneath the ground is far more—a vast and extraordinary netherworld of treasures.

One scorching day last fall, Mohammad Youssef, an archaeologist, clung to a rope inside a shaft that had been closed for more than 2,000 years. At the bottom, he shined his flashlight through a gap in the limestone wall and was greeted by a god’s gleaming eyes: a small, painted statue of the composite funerary deity Ptah-Sokar-Osiris, with a golden face and plumed crown. It was Youssef’s first glimpse of a large chamber that was guarded by a heap of figurines, carved wooden chests and piles of blackened linen. Inside, Youssef and his colleagues found signs that the people buried here had wealth and privilege: gilded masks, a finely carved falcon and a painted scarab beetle rolling the sun across the sky. Yet this was no luxurious family tomb, as might have been expected. Instead, the archaeologists were astonished to discover dozens of expensive coffins jammed together, piled to the ceiling as if in a warehouse. Beautifully painted, human-shaped boxes were stacked roughly on top of heavy limestone sarcophagi. Gilded coffins were packed into niches around the walls. The floor itself was covered in rags and bones.

More at
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/inside-tombs-saqqara-180977932/
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Restoration now complete and the pyramid is open to the public. by Runemage on Saturday, 14 March 2020
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Full article in the Times, if you have access https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/how-briton-at-the-sharp-end-saved-egypt-s-oldest-pyramid-q7l69flcx

Otherwise, the Daily Mail has some very good photographs of the now-restored interior and a brief description of some of the innovative techniques used, copied below.
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-8079495/Egypt-reopens-ancient-step-pyramid-renovations.html

"Cintec won a lucrative contract to help save the oldest pyramid in Egypt in 2011 following damage caused by an earthquake in 1992.
The firm was recommended for the job in 1992 when it was working on shoring up Windsor Castle after the fire that same year.
The firm was also called upon by the Indian government to strengthen a major Delhi bridge ahead of last year's Commonwealth Games.

Mr James developed innovative methods based on his previous experience to strengthen the ancient structure.
One such method includes boring holes into the walls, which are littered with voids, surrounded in a fabric sock.
This rod can be several yards long and passes through cracks in the walls of the pyramid's interior.
Mortar is then poured between the fabric and the metal rod and, as it hardens, expands and fills the voids, adding a significant amount of structural integrity.
The main risk to the engineers toiling away within was triggering the collapse of the pyramid.
An innovative airbag-like system was used to support the walls as steel anchors were inserted.
Due to the instability of the ceiling, deep lime mortar pointing was carried out to ensure it was structurally sound.
Engineers were then able to carefully use diamond drills and bore holes for the stainless steel anchors.

Mr James said at the time: 'We recognise the importance of both historical and religious structures to their cultures and hope to continue to develop advanced reinforcement systems that will preserve archaeological structures for future generations.
Mr James has gone on to become a global authority on the restoration of ancient buildings and has penned a book specifically about his work in Egypt, called 'Saving Pyramids'. "
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Egypt’s Step Pyramid At Risk of ‘Catastrophic Collapse’ by davidmorgan on Monday, 08 September 2014
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Activists in Egypt expressed anger after Egypt’s Ministry of Antiquities assigned a company, which oversaw the collapse of a major part of the 4,600-year-old Saqqara Pyramid, to resume its restoration reported.

In statements to Al-Masry Al-Youm, Amir Gamal, representative of the ‘Non-Stop Robberies’ movement said the Minister of Antiquities gave orders to resume the restoration of the Saqqara Pyramid by the same company that had been responsible for major deterioration, including the collapse of a section of the pyramid, during earlier restoration attempts.

Shurbagy, the company assigned, has been in business for nine years and has not seen much success in any of the six projects it undertook, Gamal told Al-Masry Al-Youm, adding that the company is currently under investigation.

“The company has never restored any archaeological site. All projects it had were to create modern construction at archaeological sites,” Gamal explained.

“Technically, the company and officials of the Supreme Council of Antiquities committed a full-fledged crime. New walls were built outside the pyramid as if the pyramid were a modern construction, which is opposite to international standards of restoration, which prevents adding more than 5 percent of construction to antiquities if necessary. Adding the modern construction is a large pressure on the decaying pyramid, which threatens catastrophe.”

The Saqqara Pyramid, also known as the step pyramid, dates back to 4,600 years ago during the time of the Pharaoh Joser.

In 2011, restoration attempts commenced after fears that the Saqqara Pyramid faced ‘imminent’ collapse as a result of a 1992 earth quake. A British team deployed giant ‘air-bags’ to support the ceiling of the Pyramid as the government initiated plans for permanent repairs. However, the 2011 revolution and an economic crisis saw the restoration halted in 2012.

Source: Egyptian Streets
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