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<< Text Pages >> Ossabaw - Artificial Mound in United States in The South

Submitted by bat400 on Saturday, 31 January 2009  Page Views: 4809

Pre-ColumbianSite Name: Ossabaw
Country: United States
NOTE: This site is 81.08 km away from the location you searched for.

Region: The South Type: Artificial Mound
Nearest Town: Savannah, GA  Nearest Village: Richmond Hill, GA
Latitude: 31.801600N  Longitude: 81.1119W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
no data Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4
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Artificial Mound in Chatham County, Georgia.
Human habitation on Ossabaw Island goes back to 2000 BC, but shell middens and burial mounds date to the Woodland and Mississippian periods. One burial mound contained the remains of only females and infants. Two village sites show wild food sources and few domesticated plant remains, the shell bone and plant remains indicating year round occupation.

Ossabaw is one of Georgia's barrier islands, with 16000 acres of marsh and 9000 acres of high ground. A plantation in the 19th century and a private hunting ground in the 20th, the island is now owned by the state. The Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Wildlife Resources Division and The Ossabaw Island Foundation cooperate to provide access for research (cultural and scientific) and educational opportunities that range from day excursions for students to extensive field trips for colleges, high schools and other educational organizations.
The location given is for "Middle Place", the general location of the burial mound mentioned above. For more on Ossabaw see the Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Note: Unusual cremation found on Georgia sea island.
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Island burial site sheds light on prehistoric Indian culture by bat400 on Saturday, 31 January 2009
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coldrum submitted --

The recent excavation of a prehistoric American Indian burial site on Ossabaw Island revealed cremated remains, an unexpected find that offers a glimpse into ancient Indian culture along Georgia’s coast.

State archaeologist David Crass of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources said prehistoric cremations were rare, particularly during the early time in which preliminary evidence suggests this one occurred, possibly 1000 B.C. to A.D. 350.
“This interment broadens our knowledge about … the kinds of belief (involving) death within the Woodland Period,” Crass said. “This is not something we have seen before on Ossabaw Island. Similar cremations on St. Catherine’s Island may point to this practice being more widespread than we have believed up to now.”

Erosion from natural causes exposed the burial on an Ossabaw bluff earlier this year. Scientists from the DNR Office of the State Archaeologist, the nonprofit Lamar Institute and the Georgia Council on American Indian Concerns worked under the council’s direction to excavate the roughly 6- by 6-foot pit. As required by state law, Crass informed the council about the situation and organized the excavation at the group’s request.

The work on Georgia’s third-largest barrier island revealed a cremation pit that had been lined with wood and oyster shells. The body had been placed on top of the wood and the contents of the pit burned. The human remains recovered were primarily from extremities, indicating that the deceased had been disinterred after cremation, possibly to be reburied elsewhere.

The charcoal will be submitted for carbon 14 dating, but preliminary analysis of the pottery recovered from the pit suggests the cremation may date to the Refuge-Deptford Phases in the Woodland Period, c.a. 1000 B.C. to A.D. 350. A ground-penetrating radar survey showed many prehistoric American Indian features in the general area, Crass said. The bluff apparently had long been a focal point of prehistoric Indian life.
After analysis, the remains will be reinterred in a secure location under the auspices of the Council on American Indian Concerns. Crass expects the carbon 14 dating results and details on the radar survey by early next year.

More than 230 archaeological sites have been recorded. Spanish records indicate the island probably had an early Guale Indian village, according to The New Georgia Encyclopedia. But long before the first European contact on Ossabaw, possibly through the Spanish in 1568, small pox and other diseases unwittingly introduced by the Spanish in Mexico and South America had swept north, devastating populations of native Americans.

Crass said it’s not known what Indians were on the island when the cremation pit was used. But because of its discovery thousands of years later, more will be learned.

Access to Ossabaw is limited to approved research projects and hunts managed by the DNR’s Georgia Wildlife Resources Division. Details at http://www.georgiawildlife.com. Information on visiting the island for research and educational purposes is also available from The Ossabaw Island Foundation’s Jim Bitler, jim@ossabawisland.org.
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For more, see the
Dalton Daily Citizen.
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