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<< Other Photo Pages >> Spanish Hill - Artificial Mound in United States in Mid Atlantic

Submitted by AKFisher on Wednesday, 02 August 2023  Page Views: 322

Pre-ColumbianSite Name: Spanish Hill
Country: United States Region: Mid Atlantic Type: Artificial Mound
Nearest Town: South Waverly, PA
Latitude: 41.994659N  Longitude: 76.550505W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
2 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
3 Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
4 Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4

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External Links:

Spanish Hill
Spanish Hill submitted by AKFisher : The view today from the ground. A mansion is on the top of the hill and no visitors are allowed. The fields below it is the site of a large Susquehannock village. Photo courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016). (Vote or comment on this photo)
Spanish Hill is a hill located in the borough of South Waverly, Pennsylvania. Opinions regarding the origin of structures found on the site vary from embankments created by early farmers, to the remnants of a Native American village and battlements, due to the site's similarity to the description found in the account of Étienne Brûlé of a settlement called Carantouan.

The area in the hill's vicinity was previously occupied by Susquehannock Native Americans. It was a common site for both amateur and professional archaeology, as well as relic hunting. The source of the name remains unknown, but various theories have been proposed as to its origin.

Early scholars believed that the monument was created by receding glaciers;[2] Spanish Hill comprises approximately 10 acres (40,000 m2) of earth in a site that is included within the Sayre quadrangle documented by the United States Geological Survey (USGS).[7][8] Located at an elevation of 978 feet (298 m) above sea level,[8] it rises approximately 230 feet (70 m) over the nearby floodplain of the Chemung River.[7] The hill is located in South Waverly, Pennsylvania, in Bradford County,[7] just south of the state border with New York. This territory was occupied by the Susquehannock people for centuries before European contact.

History:
The remnant of the hill depicted in the late 19th century etching show has a striking resemblance to major earthwork platform mounds of the Mississippian culture and preceding cultures. The most recent of these were built and occupied from the 9th to the 15th centuries CE, and earlier mounds have also been found. These mounds typically were built as the center of villages along the lowland of rivers throughout the Mississippi and Ohio river valleys, and their tributaries. Many such mounds have been found at the site of former Cherokee villages in western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee narrow river valleys in the Appalachian foothills. The mounds were built as earthworks.

The hill has been acknowledged and studied by historians and archaeologists for more than two hundred years.[7] The source of the name is unknown, but individuals traveling through the area between 1795 and 1804 described "Spanish Ramparts" as a feature of the hill.[2] Some of the earliest settlers to the region reported that local Native Americans referred to the hill either as "Hispan" or "Espan."[9]

References:
1. Twigg 2005, p. 27.
2. Murray 1921, p. 289.
3. Murray 1908, p. 58.
4. Murray 1908, p. 59.
5. Parkman 1897, p. 235.
6. Lenik 2009, p. 114.
7. Lenik 2009, p. 113.
8. Spanish Hill (Pennsylvania)". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
9. Murray 1908, pp. 61–62.

Bibliography:
Blue, Rose J.; Naden, Corinne J. (2004). Exploring the St. Lawrence River Region. Chicago, Illinois: Raintree. p. 32. ISBN 141090337-0.
Donehoo, George P. (1918). "Report of the Work of the Susquehanna Archaeological Expedition". Second Report of the Pennsylvania Historical Commission. Lancaster, Pennsylvania: New Era Printing Company.
Lenik, Edward J. (2009). Making Pictures in Stone: American Indian Rock Art of North America. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-1629-7.
Minderhout, David J. (2013). Native Americans in the Susquehanna River Valley, Past and Present. Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press, co-published with The Rowman & Littlefield Pub. Group, Inc. ISBN 978-1-61148-487-8.
Murray, Louise Welles (1908). A History of Old Tioga Point and Early Athens, Pennsylvania. Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania: The Raeder Press.
Murray, Louise Welles (July–September 1921). "Aboriginal Sites in and Near "Teaoga," Now Athens, Pennsylvania". American Anthropologist. American Anthropological Association. 23 (3): 183–214. doi:10.1525/aa.1921.23.2.02a00070. JSTOR i227229.(subscription required)
Parkman, Francis (1897). Pioneers of France in the New World: France and England in North America. Vol. Part First, Volume II. Little Brown and Company, Boston. p. 235.
Twigg, Deborah (Fall 2005). "Revisiting the Mystery of "Carantouan" and Spanish Hill". Pennsylvania Archaeologist. Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology. 75 (2).

Further reading and information:
Wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Hill/
Spanish Hill:
http://www.spanishhill.com/

Directions:
Located on Roman Way in South Waverly, PA


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Spanish Hill
Spanish Hill submitted by AKFisher : Site in 1881 lithograph (cropped). Image courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016). (Vote or comment on this photo)

Spanish Hill
Spanish Hill submitted by AKFisher : 1921 survey of the enclosure. Image courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016). (Vote or comment on this photo)

Spanish Hill
Spanish Hill submitted by AKFisher : 1940s (?) B/W aerial of Spanish Hill in Sayre, Pennsylvania. On the flat hill top in the middle left an ancient Hilltop Fort with an outer of earth & stone can be seen. Spanish Hill was the scene of the reports of "horned skeletons" and was repeatedly looted for relics Photo courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016). (Vote or comment on this photo)

Do not use the above information on other web sites or publications without permission of the contributor.

Nearby Images from Flickr
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