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<< Text Pages >> Tse-whit-zen - Barrow Cemetery in United States in The West

Submitted by bat400 on Monday, 05 April 2010  Page Views: 10564

Neolithic and Bronze AgeSite Name: Tse-whit-zen
Country: United States
NOTE: This site is 46.117 km away from the location you searched for.

Region: The West Type: Barrow Cemetery
Nearest Town: Port Angeles, WA
Latitude: 48.131700N  Longitude: 123.464W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
1 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4

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A Klallam Indian Village and Cemetery site in Clallam County Washington.
The village itself was occupied as long ago as 700 BC. The villagers were forced to abandon the village in 1915. However, the ancient cemetery was no longer in active use at that time; the ground being considered sacred and held fallow. The burials are from the pre-contact era.

When the human remains were first unearthed during efforts to build a new dry dock facility, there was an initial effort to remove the bones and grave goods for re-interment elsewhere. However as the extent to the burials (over 1000 sets of remains) were determined the building plans were eventually canceled. Current plans are to re-inter the remains of site, but other finds remain in storage as the interested parties attempt to determine who will take possession giver or withhold permission for study, storage or display.

Note: Dogs trained to sniff out centuries old remains survey Pre-Contact village site in Washington State. See comment.
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"Tse-whit-zen" | Login/Create an Account | 4 News and Comments
  
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'Burial Dogs' in archeological survey by bat400 on Monday, 05 April 2010
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Four forensic canines who patrolled 50 acres of Port Angeles' waterfront late last year for buried Native American remains indicated 93 percent of the area was of "no or insufficient interest," according to a statement released by the city late Tuesday.

None of the dogs alerted at their top level, defined as "on top of a burial," according to the statement.

"In summary, very few areas studied along the waterfront contained enough historic human remains scent to cause specially trained canines to alert to a statistically accepted level," said the statement, released by city spokeswoman Theresa Pierce.

Lower Elwha Klallam Tribal Chairwoman Frances Charles said the survey, which she said late Tuesday she had not seen, indicates good news for development interests.

"I think it is good, and hopefully it relieves a lot of the surrounding areas about the potential out there in that aspect," she said.

"Economics is greatly needed in our area."

Charles added that a protocol is in place that ensures the protection of full and isolated remains should they be discovered when development occurs

A shoreline survey conducted last summer by city archeologist Derek Beery showed a medium to high statistical probability that Native American artifacts or remains are present under half of Port Angeles' waterfront.

It encompassed 872 acres and showed general areas of archaeological interest, Beery said at the time. "The dogs are just one small component of the overall predictive model," city Planning Director Nathan West said Monday.

The area patrolled by the dogs did not include the 75-acre site of the former Rayonier pulp mill east of downtown, Nippon Paper Industries USA west of downtown and an unidentified business.

Rayonier was built on the site of the Elwha Klallam village of Y'ennis, and Nippon was built near the ancient village of Tse-whit-zen.

For more, see the peninsuladailynews
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Chances good of finding Native American artifacts, remains on Washington State water by bat400 on Tuesday, 14 July 2009
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Submitted by coldrum ---
Preliminary information from an archaeological survey shows a medium to high statistical probability that Native American artifacts or remains are present under half of the Port Angeles waterfront. The early information shows only general areas of potential archaeological interest, city archaeologist Derek Beery said Friday. So although the probability can be calculated, nobody knows where such deposits might exist.

The study area encompasses 872 acres and stretches about three miles from Ediz Hook through downtown and to and including the abandoned Rayonier mill site, Beery said. Roughly 15 percent of the survey area has a high probability for deposits and 35 percent a medium probability, Beery said.

Under state and federal law, the presence of archaeological deposits can require a higher level of review when property is to be developed, often including separate and detailed archaeological surveys.

Port Angeles Chamber of Commerce Executive Director Russ Veenema said he wasn't worried about the potential presence of archaeological deposits, or any effect they might have on waterfront development.

"I can't say it's surprising," he said.
"That's why they hired the archaeologist and are working with the tribe to pinpoint areas. We can't jump to conclusions.

Beery, hired in October 2007 as part of a settlement agreement over the unearthed Klallam village of Tse-whit-zen, also accompanies city workers when they dig, clear or grade property.

He's there when power poles are dug and sewer and stormwater lines trenched. "Any time the city digs in the settlement area [from Ediz Hook to Rayonier] I am there," he said.

Working from maps

Beery said he built his model overlaying maps that contained historical information and read studies and other written material on the development of Port Angeles Harbor from prehistory to the present.

He used digital maps, an 1853 U.S. Coast Survey map that showed three Native American villages on the harbor's shoreline, and other maps that indicate changes in the shoreline.

The 1853 map shows a village in the Marine Drive area west of downtown Port Angeles where, in 2003, Tse-whit-zen and a village burial site was unearthed, and along with it, thousands of artifacts, bones and more than 300 complete skeletal remains of Native Americans who lived there dating back to 700 B.C.

Tse-whit-zen was uncovered at the outset of a 2003 state Department of Transportation project to build a giant drydock for pontoons and anchors for the now-completed Hood Canal Bridge eastern-half replacement project.

That project was abandoned in 2004 at a cost of more than $90 million to the state Department of Transportation.

After the tribe sued Transportation, the agency signed a 2006 settlement agreement under which the city was paid $7.5 million for economic development for jobs lost because of the project's failure, $500,000 to attract and keep businesses, and $480,000 to hire a staff archaeologist -- Beery -- to conduct the survey, write the management plan and monitor waterfront development.

Also as pat of the agreement, the tribe received 11 acres at the site to rebury its ancestors and $2.5 million for reburial expenses and to build a museum.



For more, see Peninsula Daily News.
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Ancestors Coming Home; Washington burial ground readied for re-interment. by bat400 on Thursday, 08 May 2008
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Originally submitted by coldrum ---

The ancestors are coming home, said Lower Elwha Klallam Tribal Chairman Francis Charles. The Lower Elwha tribe hopes soon to regrade the ancient site of Tse-whit-zen so it can receive again the human remains it held until 2003. That's when excavation of the then-Hood Canal Bridge graving yard began and unearthed artifacts and bones.
Eventually, 337 intact burials and thousands of fragments were disinterred from the place archaeologists said bore evidence of human habitation 2,700 years ago in the crook of Ediz Hook.
"We're excited," said Charles, whose "Enough is enough" statement ended graving yard construction at the end of 2004.
Eventually the state lost $18.7 million at the site itself. Choosing and then abandoning the Port Angeles site added nearly $87 million to the cost for replacing the eastern half of the floating bridge that links the North Olympic Peninsula with the Kitsap Peninsula and the Seattle mainland beyond. The bridge components are now being built in Tacoma and Seattle.

"We're a little nervous," Charles said about the tribe's plans, "but we're excited about bringing this to closure." The nervousness, she said, stems from two sources:

# Meeting all the permitting requirements for turning the site into a cemetery.

# Making certain it is properly cleansed and blessed and that the ancestors are reinterred with due ceremony.

Those ceremonies will be private, Charles said.

The tribe last week filed with the city of Port Angeles the checklist required by the state Environmental Policy Act.

The 17-page document outlines how the site at 1507 Marine Drive will be restored from its days as a timber mill, a log yard and what would have been a giant dry-dock to build replacement components for the state's floating bridges.

The Lower Elwha also filed for a clearing and grading permit from the city and will obtain an excavation permit from the state Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation. The cemetery will be re-established in the central 11 acres of the 22.5-acre former graving yard. The 200-foot-deep portion along Marine Drive eventually will be the site of a Lower Elwha cultural center and museum. Charles said the tribe hopes to start mitigating Tse-whit-zen in mid- to late April and finish the initial restoration about a year later.

After the first remains were unearthed at Tse-whit-zen, tribal members worked beside archaeologists to remove the burials. Others sifted excavated earth with water to find fragmented remains.

The Klallam culture holds that spirits stay near their remains until they are "called home," and tribal workers reported feeling the ancestors' displeasure both emotionally and physically.

Calling a halt to the graving yard work also meant the loss of yard's projected 100 family-wage jobs.
Formal negotiations brought a settlement signed by Gov. Chris Gregoire in August 2006 that returned Tse-whit-zen to the Lower Elwha.

Under the settlement, Port Angeles and the Port of Port Angeles each have collected $7.5 million in grants from the state, meant to offset the economic activity lost when the bridge project was moved from the area.

Also, the state is paying the tribe $2.5 million, is giving it 11 acres at the site, and will lease about six acres to the tribe for a possible site promoting the area's cultural heritage.



"It's been a challenge," Charles said. "It's going to be very emotional for the community to have this come to a closure. It's been a long journey. It hasn't been easy for any of us."

"The ancestors are coming home to their final resting place."


For more, see
this link.
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Tse-whit-zen finds linger in storage in Washington State by bat400 on Wednesday, 07 May 2008
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Originally submitted by coldrum ---

One of the Pacific Northwest's most astonishing archaeological finds in a generation has languished for more than a year, lingering on metal shelves in a Seattle warehouse, unseen by the public and unexamined by scientists.

No one questions the discoveries — artifacts from a 2,700-year-old Native American village excavated from the Port Angeles waterfront amid great public interest — should be exhibited, analyzed and celebrated.

But the 900 boxes of artifacts — such things as spindle whorls carved from whale vertebrae, along with animal bones and shell fragments — remain hung up in a bureaucratic no man's land. Questions about who owns and controls access to the collection are still in dispute.

And there's also another all-too-familiar problem when the government gets involved: The money to study the collection evaporated.

The federal government had promised analysis of and public education about the village, Tse-whit-zen, but backed out when excavation mushroomed in scope and controversy.

There's some hope that the local congressional delegation may step up. But until then, frustrated local historians evoke the final scene in "Raiders of the Lost Ark," when, after all the adventure and fuss, the Ark of the Covenant is crated and carted into obscurity inside a cavernous government archive.

"This is a big, important site, and it is sad that it is languishing on the shelf," said Steve Denton of the University of Washington's Burke Museum, which is taking care of the collection for the time being.



Tse-whit-zen (pronounced ch-WEET-sen), nestled in the elbow of Port Angeles' Ediz Hook, was once a thriving fishing village inhabited by the Lower Elwha Klallam tribe. It is the biggest Native American village found in the state since the Ozette village, once inhabited by the Makahs, was unearthed in the 1960s.

In August 2003, state contractors began digging a dry dock on the site to build bridge pontoons to repair the Hood Canal Bridge. Although crews began finding artifacts and human bones within weeks, the project was not shut down until 2004, after a tense, emotional clash of cultures involving the tribe, the city of Port Angeles and state and federal transportation managers.

About $90 million in state and federal money was spent on the failed dry-dock site, including about $10 million for archaeological work.

The result is more than 80,000 items or samples excavated from Tse-whit-zen, including carved bone harpoon points, fishing hooks and stone tools such as hammer stones and a finely polished adze head. For some, the star of the collection is a delicate bone comb, crowned by an exquisite carving of cormorants hovering over a child.

Ken Ames, a Portland State University archaeologist who specializes in Native American coastal tribes, said the site is so large and well-excavated that "you could reconstruct life 2,200 years ago."

But time is also of the essence, Ames urges. Records could be misplaced. And artifacts deteriorate.



Once the village began to be unearthed, an agreement among state, federal and tribal authorities in 2004 called for exhaustive analysis of the site and public education about the findings. How did villagers make tools? Had there been a tsunami there? What shellfish were prevalent?

But the agreement was changed in 2007, after more than 300 human remains were dug up and tensions erupted into lawsuits. The new agreement allowed the tribe to focus on reburying its ancestors, and gave local officials, angry about losing jobs from the aborted pontoon project, millions of dollars. But because the flow of federal road-building money stopped when the project was killed, money for the analysis and education was stopped, too.

Tom Fitzsimmons, who negotiated the project as Gov. Christine Gregoire's chief of staff, said he was focused on resolving the disagreements, leavi

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