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Forum: Stones Forum
Moderated by : Andy B , TimPrevett , coldrum , Klingon , MickM , TheCaptain , bat400 , davidmorgan , Runemage , SolarMegalith , sem
Respond to: Iron Age horned horse
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chimera
Joined:
09-09-2006
Messages: 1508
from Australia
 OFF-Line
|  New Message Posted!2007-12-15 19:41
Perhaps Bronze Age villages were in a global village, if Eskimos travelled across Siberia- Alaska.
"Faience technology was developed in Mesopotamia and Egypt during the 5th or early 4th millennium BC, and its use spread out far and wide over the course of the next two millennia. Thanks to a set of faience-associated radiocarbon dates, some recently obtained at Groningen University in the Netherlands from cremated human bone from Britain and Ireland, we can now confirm that it was being used in this country by the 19th century BC-much earlier than people used to think-and that it continued to be used until around 1500 BC. The know-how to make it did indeed come ultimately from the Near East, but certainly not via Egyptian or Mycenaean traders bringing bags of trinkets for the natives in the 14th century.
The picture that is now emerging is much more plausible, and more interesting, than this far-fetched hypothesis. It now seems that people in Britain found out about faience through links with central Europe in the early 2nd millennium BC. These links arose largely from the demand for tin from south-west England for the central European bronze industry, and it seems that the Wessex 'barrow boys' were able to control and benefit from this tin 'trade'.
Faience beads of segmented and other shapes were already being made in central and east-central Europe at this time. The technique had been learned from eastern Mediterranean faience makers, thanks to a network of contacts stretching across south-east Europe. It seems that the know-how for making faience was one of the exotic luxuries that arrived in Britain as a result of this extensive networking...
..Even more spectacularly, a necklace made entirely of segmented tin beads has recently turned up in a female grave at Buxheim in Bavaria, dating to around 2000-1800 BC. We cannot yet source tin reliably, but it is very likely that all these examples, and indeed the faience beads as well from Exloo, were made in southern England, probably in Wessex, with the form of the tin beads deliberately copying that of segmented faience beads...
.. Research is continuing, but it poses the question, do we have here a unique glazed stone item, reminiscent of the glazed steatite of 5th millennium Mesopotamia?
If we do, then obviously no direct link with the Near East is implied...
Alison Sheridan is Assistant Keeper of Archaeology at the National Museums of Scotland in Edinburgh "
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chimera
Joined:
09-09-2006
Messages: 1508
from Australia
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| New Message Posted!2007-12-14 22:45
hwyl sem,
This site has interesting maps , click trade routes.
ArchAtlas: Trade RoutesThe Lapis Lazuli route: a long-distance supply-chain at the time of the first ... The map of Bronze Age Europe (inset, from Sherratt 199 shows a range of ...
http://www.archatlas.dept.shef.ac.uk/Trade/Trade.php - 33k - Cached - Similar pages
Etruscans bordered on Celtic territory. And Etruscans had a gilded statue of a goat-headed lion. Camulos of Britain was a goat-horned war-god, also known in Romania. In Greek times, the Celtic mythic ancestor was Brettanos of Gaul , which connects the 2 countries. (le gallois: cymric).
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sem
Joined:
12-11-2003
Messages: 1704
from Bridgend,S.Wales
 ON-Line
| New Message Posted!2007-12-14 21:15
Does anyone know of lapis-lazuli being found in Britain from this period or earlier ? This would provide absolute proof of a conection.
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chimera
Joined:
09-09-2006
Messages: 1508
from Australia
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| New Message Posted!2007-12-14 06:30
The horned lion was a symbol of Persia linked to the Hall of All Nations. Cyrus II had a concept of a union of nations. Was Uffington a unifying centre for Britain?
"Representative of nations subjected by the Achaemenid Empire would offer their gifts in this palace. Apadana palace is one of the most attractive palaces of Persepolis. Golden tablets unearthed from under the plinths of the palace columns give its date of construction in 6th century BC The tablets, now kept in Ancient Iran Museum, were discovered inside stone boxes. Their inscriptions in the languages of old Persian, Elamite, and Babylonian, give remarkable accounts of how Persepolis was built. Palace of Xerxes, Palace of Darius 1, Gate of All Nations, Treasury, Hall of a Hundred Columns, and Throne Hall of Xerxes are among the most significant structures so far discovered in Persepolis. Stone columns are among the main architectural elements of Achaemenid period. Four types of capital have been used in Persepolis: bull-headed, lion-headed,
*horned lion (a legendary animal), *
and man's head."_SalamIran.
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chimera
Joined:
09-09-2006
Messages: 1508
from Australia
OFF-Line
| New Message Posted!2007-12-13 07:04
Britain had bearded horses, as displayed in the Uffington chalk megalith. They had horns, emphasised by the deep cleft of the points too long to be ears. The rear legs were thicker than the front legs and were curved like a lion's legs, with an extended thin lion-tail. This revered beast is also carved upon Windsor castle, as the goat-lion Beaufort yale. It was the Assyrian and Babylonian "yalu" (ia-ilu) sacred goat, Hindi Yali with swivelling horns which the Beaufort Yale has. It fought Bellerophon of Greece in Asia Minor, is a guardian of Hades with Cerberos its brother, guards emperors' tombs in Nanking China and faces graves at the Uffington fort. Did Britain of 1000 BCE have cultural contact with Mespotamia?
National Trust | Places to visit | White Horse HillUffington White Horse, Oxfordshire, one of England's oldest chalk hill figures, ... The Uffington White Horse on White Horse Hill, Oxfordshire ...
http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/.../w-archaeology-places_to_visit/w-archaeology-uffington_white_horse.htm - 45k - Cached - Similar pages
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