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<< Text Pages >> Hajji Firuz Tepe - Ancient Village or Settlement in Iran

Submitted by Andy B on Sunday, 20 November 2011  Page Views: 4628

DigsSite Name: Hajji Firuz Tepe
Country: Iran
NOTE: This site is 104.95 km away from the location you searched for.

Type: Ancient Village or Settlement

Latitude: 36.994400N  Longitude: 45.474400E
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
no data Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4
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Ancient Settlement in Iran. Hajji Firuz Tepe is an archaeological site located in West Azarbaijan province in northwestern Iran. The site was excavated between 1958 and 1968 by archaeologists from the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.

The excavations revealed a Neolithic village that was occupied in the second half of the sixth millennium BC where some of the oldest archaeological evidence of grape-based wine was discovered in the form of organic residue in a pottery jar.

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Nearby Images from Flickr
Teppe Hasanlu Archeological Site
Teppe Hasanlu Archeological Site
Teppe Hasanlu Archeological Site
Teppe Hasanlu Archeological Site
Teppe Hasanlu Archeological Site
Teppe Hasanlu Archeological Site

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"Hajji Firuz Tepe" | Login/Create an Account | 2 News and Comments
  
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Hajji Firuz Tepe, Iran: the Neolithic settlement by Andy B on Sunday, 20 November 2011
(User Info | Send a Message)
Hajji Firuz Tepe, Iran: the Neolithic settlement
By Mary M. Voigt, Richard H. Meadow
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Dl1nbV15X-YC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

[ Reply to This ]

Alcohol's Neolithic origins by Andy B on Sunday, 20 November 2011
(User Info | Send a Message)
Originally posted by coldrum on Monday, 04 January 2010

Humankind's first encounters with alcohol in the form of fermented
fruit probably occurred in just an accidental fashion. But once they
were familiar with the effect, archaeologist Patrick McGovern
believes, humans stopped at nothing in their pursuit of frequent
intoxication. A secure supply of alcohol appears to have been part of
the human community's basic requirements much earlier than was long
believed. As early as around 9,000 years ago, inhabitants of the
Neolithic village Jiahu in China were brewing a type of mead with an
alcohol content of 10 percent, McGovern discovered recently.

McGovern analyzed clay shards found during excavations in
China's Yellow River Valley at his Biomolecular Archaeology Laboratory
for Cuisine, Fermented Beverages, and Health at the University of
Pennsylvania Museum. It appears that prehistoric humans in China
combined fruit and honey into an intoxicating brew. Additionally,
plant sterols point to wild rice as an ingredient. Lacking any
knowledge of chemistry, prehistoric humans eager for the intoxicating
effects of alcohol apparently mixed clumps of rice with saliva in
their mouths to break down the starches in the grain and convert them
into malt sugar. These pioneering brewers would then spit the chewed
up rice into their brew. Husks and yeasty foam floated on top of the
liquid, so they used long straws to drink from narrow necked jugs.
Alcohol is still consumed this way in some regions of China.

McGovern sees this early fermentation process as a clever
survival strategy. "Consuming high energy sugar and alcohol was a
fabulous solution for surviving in a hostile environment with few
natural resources," he explains. The most recent finds from China are
consistent with McGovern's chain of evidence, which suggests that the
craft of making alcohol spread rapidly to various locations around the
world during the Neolithic period. But that wasn't enough for
McGovern. He carried the theory much further. His bold thesis, which
he lays out in his book 'Uncorking the Past. The Quest for Wine, Beer
and Other Alcoholic Beverage,' states that agriculture - and with it
the entire Neolithic Revolution, which began about 11,000 years ago -
are ultimately results of the irrepressible impulse toward drinking
and intoxication.

"Available evidence suggests that our ancestors in Asia, Mexico,
and Africa cultivated wheat, rice, corn, barley, and millet primarily
for the purpose of producing alcoholic beverages," McGovern explains.
While they were at it, he believes, drink-loving early civilizations
managed to ensure their basic survival. According to McGovern,
prehistoric humans didn't initially have the ability to master the
very complicated process of brewing beer. It's likely that early
farmers first enriched their diet with a hybrid swill - half fruit
wine and half mead - that was actually quite nutritious. Neolithic
drinkers were devoted to this precious liquid. At the excavation site
of Hajji Firuz Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of northwestern Iran,
McGovern discovered prehistoric wine racks used to store airtight
carafes. Inhabitants of the village seasoned their alcohol with resin
from Atlantic Pistachio trees. This ingredient was said to have
healing properties, for example for infections, and was used as an
early antibiotic.

The village's Neolithic residents lived comfortably in spacious
mud brick huts, and the archaeologist and his team found remnants of
wine vessels in the kitchens of nearly all the dwellings. "Drinking
wasn't just a privilege of the wealthy in the village," McGovern
posits. In Iran the American scie

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