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<< Text Pages >> Tell Hamoukar - Ancient Village or Settlement in Syria

Submitted by AlexHunger on Thursday, 08 January 2009  Page Views: 6550

Multi-periodSite Name: Tell Hamoukar Alternative Name: Tall Hamoukar
Country: Syria
NOTE: This site is 44.76 km away from the location you searched for.

Type: Ancient Village or Settlement
Nearest Town: Nusaybin  Nearest Village: Hamoukar
Latitude: 36.812832N  Longitude: 41.956821E
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
2 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
3 Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
3 Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
5

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Ancient Village or Settlement in Syria

Ancient Northern Summerian City dating to 4000 BCE. The site is significant for the traces of an ancient battle fought with slingshots and baked clay bullets and because it shows the independent development of Northern Mesopotamia before the South came to dominate the northern region from around 3500 BCE. The battle represents one of the earliest discovered evidence of large scale Urban warfare. The city was burned after capture and then resettled.

the relatively large site took up about 15 hectares.

The site is about 8 Km from the Iraqi Border along the Khabour River in Syria See: http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=2146412767
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Nearby sites listing. In the following links * = Image available
 43.3km WNW 292° Shubat-Enlil Ancient Village or Settlement
 44.3km W 273° Tell Qarassa* Ancient Village or Settlement
 56.4km NE 44° Amarsava Ancient Village or Settlement
 63.1km SSE 149° Rima Ancient Village or Settlement
 72.3km WNW 297° Girnavaz* Ancient Village or Settlement
 75.9km SE 144° Taya Ancient Village or Settlement
 79.6km N 353° Cemka Hoyugu* Ancient Village or Settlement
 80.4km N 352° Boncuklu Tarla* Ancient Temple
 81.1km N 351° Zeviya Tivilki Ancient Village or Settlement
 81.7km W 259° Tell Brak* Ancient Village or Settlement
 89.5km WNW 288° Urkesh* Ancient Village or Settlement
 102.3km N 353° Güzir Höyük Ancient Village or Settlement
 109.4km WSW 248° Tell Tuneinir Ancient Village or Settlement
 111.0km NNW 335° Hasankeyf Hoyuk Ancient Village or Settlement
 111.2km NNW 335° Hasankeyf* Ancient Village or Settlement
 118.0km ESE 114° Nineveh* Ancient Village or Settlement
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 127.6km NNW 344° Ayngerm Yani Ancient Village or Settlement
 129.3km WSW 239° Shadikanni Ancient Village or Settlement
 140.7km NW 323° Körtik Tepe Ancient Village or Settlement
 144.3km NW 321° Müslümantepe Ancient Village or Settlement
 146.2km ESE 123° Nimrud* Ancient Village or Settlement
 147.4km NW 321° Salat Tepe Ancient Village or Settlement
 147.7km NNW 330° Demircitepe Ancient Village or Settlement
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Did Uruk soldiers kill their own people? 5,500 year old fratricide at Hamoukar by davidmorgan on Wednesday, 29 September 2010
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From coldrum:

Did Uruk soldiers kill their own people? 5,500 year old fratricide at Hamoukar Syria

Five years ago an archaeological team broke news of a major find that forever changed our views about the history of the Middle East.

Researchers from the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago, and the Department of Antiquities in Syria, announced in a press release that they had found the “earliest evidence for large scale organized warfare in the Mesopotamian world.”

They had discovered that a city in Syria, named Hamoukar, had been destroyed in a battle that took place ca. 3500 BC by a hostile force. Using slings and clay bullets these troops took over the city, burning it in the process. Their motive may have been to gain control over trade in the area – particularly that of copper coming from Southern Turkey.

The likeliest culprit for this act is a city named Uruk – located to the south in modern day Iraq. The artifacts found at Hamoukar which postdate the battle, were created in the same style as those discovered at Uruk.

"If the Uruk people weren't the ones firing the sling bullets, they certainly benefited from it. They took over this place right after its destruction," site excavator Dr. Clemens Reichel told the New York Times, back in 2005.

But now archaeologists have made a new discovery that sheds more light on this battle. They have found evidence that an Uruk colony near Hamoukar was also destroyed in this conflict.

So, if the invading army was from Uruk, did they kill their own people? If so why?

The information was first released in the 2008-2009 annual report on the Oriental Institute’s website. Before now it has not appeared in popular media.

This story is a long one so bear with me....

An excavated part of Hamoukar, the city dates back at least 6,000 years. Photo courtesy Professor Clemens Reichel
Hamoukar

Hamoukar is a city that flourished in northern Syria since at least 4000 BC. It was an “ancient Pittsburgh,” said Dr. Clemens Reichel, who, in addition to leading work at Hamoukar, is now also a professor at the University of Toronto and curator at the Royal Ontario Museum.

The city’s industry and access to material made people come together.

The people obtained obsidian, a valuable substance in the ancient world, from volcanoes in modern day Turkey. To the south of Hamoukar archaeologists have found obsidian workshops spread across 280 hectares. These workshops were in use as early as 4500 BC.

In later times copper working became important to the city’s economy, as the metal became increasingly popular in the Middle East.

The wealth of Hamoukar is reflected in its crafts. Numerous stamp seals of great artistry were found, one showing a lioness killing a calf or gazelle, another one a reclining leopard, and one showing a lively scene of two bears “kissing” each other.

Archaeologists have found thousands of clay sealings – once used to lock doors or containers and impressed with stamp seals. They tell of a bureaucratic system that was almost as complex as our own.

Archaeologists work at the Uruk colony at Hamoukar. Agricultural work done in recent times means that the colony is poorly preserved. In the background you can see the city's main mound. Photo courtesy Professor Clemens Reichel
The Uruk Colony

Uruk was a massive city in southern Mesopotamia, and one of the first 10 cities of the world. By 3500 BC it was spread over 260 hectares making it “probably the largest settlement on the planet at that point,” said Professor Reichel. Unlike Hamoukar it was lacking in natural resources such as timber and metal.

Yet, despite this lack of resources, its people were on the move. “This Uruk culture from the south started expanding all over the Middle East,” sa

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