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The Archaeology of People: Dimensions of Neolithic Life, Whittle

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<< Other Photo Pages >> Pavlopetri - Ancient Village or Settlement in Greece in Peloponnese Peninsula

Submitted by coldrum on Thursday, 11 June 2015  Page Views: 17673

Multi-periodSite Name: Pavlopetri
Country: Greece Region: Peloponnese Peninsula Type: Ancient Village or Settlement
Nearest Town: Neapoli Voion
Latitude: 36.516980N  Longitude: 22.988650E
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
 4 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
 4 Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
 1 Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
 4

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Pavlopetri
Pavlopetri submitted by Flickr : Pavlopetri Image copyright: Rajasthan Patrika (Rajasthan Patrika), hosted on Flickr and displayed under the terms of their API. (Vote or comment on this photo)
Late Neolithic/Bronze Age submerged town in the Peloponnese Peninsula. Pavlopetri was in continuous habitation for over 2,000 years through the Bronze Age before it became submerged in about 1000 BC.

The ancient town of Pavlopetri lies in three to four metres of water just off the coast of southern Laconia in Greece. The ruins date from at least 2800 BC through to intact buildings, courtyards, streets, chamber tombs and some thirty-seven cist graves which are thought to belong to the Mycenaean period (c.1680-1180 BC). This Bronze Age phase of Greece provides the historical setting for much Ancient Greek literature and myth, including Homer's Age of Heroes.

The submerged buildings, courtyards, streets, tombs and graves, lie just off a sandy stretch of beach close to an area popular with holiday makers and campers. Under threat from tourism and industry the remains are being damaged by boats dragging their anchors, inquisitive snorkelers on the hunt for souvenirs and the growth of marine organisms which are also taking their toll degrading the fragile 3,500 year old walls.

Note: Video Talk: Humanity and a Million Years of Sea Level Change by Dr Nicholas Flemming from the Institute of Oceanography at the University of Southampton, see the latest comment on our page
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Pavlopetri
Pavlopetri submitted by Flickr : Pavlopetri island and beach Great snorkelling over the sunken city Image copyright: grecophile_1 (Lesley Jones), hosted on Flickr and displayed under the terms of their API. (Vote or comment on this photo)

Pavlopetri
Pavlopetri submitted by Flickr : Pavlopetri Image copyright: izaterramata (Iza Terramata), hosted on Flickr and displayed under the terms of their API. (Vote or comment on this photo)

Pavlopetri
Pavlopetri submitted by Flickr : Pavlopetri Image copyright: Rajasthan Patrika (Rajasthan Patrika), hosted on Flickr and displayed under the terms of their API. (Vote or comment on this photo)

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Nearby sites listing. In the following links * = Image available
 24.0km N 8° Epidaurus Limera* Ancient Village or Settlement
 31.2km NNE 16° Zarax* Ancient Village or Settlement
 46.7km WSW 254° Tainarios* Ancient Temple
 55.8km WNW 284° Alepotrypa Cave* Cave or Rock Shelter
 58.4km WNW 288° Kalamakia Cave* Cave or Rock Shelter
 68.6km NW 319° Agios Vasileios Ancient Palace
 72.7km NW 321° Vafio* Chambered Tomb
 75.1km NW 320° Sanctuary of Apollo, Amycleos* Ancient Temple
 77.4km NW 322° Menelaion* Ancient Temple
 77.8km NNW 347° Soha tombs Ancient Village or Settlement
 79.4km NW 321° Sparta museum* Museum
 79.9km NW 321° Tomb of Leonidas* Ancient Temple
 80.5km NW 321° Sparta (Greece)* Ancient Village or Settlement
 96.7km WNW 289° Apollo Temple of Koroni* Ancient Temple
 99.4km NNE 14° Hermione Temple of Poseidon Ancient Temple
 101.5km N 7° Franchthi Cave* Cave or Rock Shelter
 102.9km WNW 292° Sanctuary of Apollo Korythos* Ancient Temple
 106.4km WNW 298° Petalidi* Ancient Temple
 107.3km WNW 289° Kaplani Tomb Passage Grave
 110.1km WNW 300° Nichoria* Ancient Village or Settlement
 112.9km N 355° Asine* Ancient Village or Settlement
 114.2km NNE 16° Troizen Temple Ancient Temple
 114.2km NNE 16° Troezen* Ancient Village or Settlement
 114.3km NNE 16° Sanctuary of Asclepios Ancient Temple
 114.4km NNE 19° Galatas Mycenaean Tombs* Cairn
View more nearby sites and additional images

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"Pavlopetri" | Login/Create an Account | 5 News and Comments
  
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Video Talk: Humanity and a Million Years of Sea Level Change by Dr Nicholas Flemming by Andy B on Thursday, 11 June 2015
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Homo sapiens evolved over the last million years during which time the climate fluctuated strongly. Ice accumulated and melted again, exposing and flooding the continental shelves - land which was colonised by plants and animals. About 3000 such prehistoric sites with archaeological remains have been found on the sea floor by divers.

The talk starts: "This evening I want you to get used to going backwards in time. We will start at about 2500 years ago, and accelerate backwards to 1 million years ago during the next hour. That makes approximately 15,000 years per minute, going backwards, and most of the journey is underwater. Also, I plan to dart about the world visiting every continent except Antarctica, so I am assuming that your geography is pretty good.

Everybody has read about underwater cities at some stage, and most people are aware that there are flood myths in almost every cultural tradition. I am going to start with standard underwater Greek and Roman cities in the Mediterranean, and then work backwards through the Bronze Age, Neolithic, Mesolithic and Palaeolithic, finally considering the earliest Stone Age cultures, in that order, and always on the floor of the sea."

http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/humanity-and-a-million-years-of-sea-level-change



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-d74TWJxwM


With thanks to kerrykelty for the link
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Re: BBC Video - City Beneath the Waves: Pavlopetri by Andy B on Tuesday, 11 October 2011
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Being shown again on Wed 12 Oct 2011 23:20 and on Iplayer for 5 more days
http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b015yh6f/City_Beneath_the_Waves_Pavlopetri/
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BBC Video - City Beneath the Waves: Pavlopetri by davidmorgan on Monday, 10 October 2011
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Just off the southern coast of mainland Greece lies the oldest submerged city in the world. A city that thrived for 2000 years during the time that saw the birth of Western civilisation. An international team of experts uses the latest technology to investigate the site and digitally raise it from the seabed, to reveal the secrets of Pavlopetri.

Led by underwater archaeologist Dr Jon Henderson, the team use the latest in cutting-edge science and technology to prise age-old secrets from the complex of streets and stone buildings that lie less than five metres below the surface. State-of-the-art CGI helps to raise the city from the seabed revealing, for the first time in 3,500 years, how Pavlopetri would once have looked and operated.

Jon Henderson is leading this ground-breaking project in collaboration with a team from the Hellenic Ministry of Culture, and Nic Flemming, the man whose hunch led to the intriguing discovery of Pavlopetri in 1967. Also working alongside the archaeologists are a team from the Australian Centre for Field Robotics, who aim to take underwater archaeology into the 21st century.

The team scour the sea floor for any artefacts that have eroded from the sands. The site is littered with thousands of fragments, each providing valuable clues to the everyday lives of the people of Pavlopetri. From the buildings to the trade goods to the everyday tableware, every artefact provides a window into a long-forgotten world.

Together these precious relics provide us with a unique insight into a time when Pavlopetri would have been at its height, showing us what life was like in this distant age and revealing how this city marks the start of Western civilisation.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00kvv96
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New discoveries at world's oldest submerged town by Andy B on Saturday, 07 November 2009
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Archaeologists surveying the world’s oldest submerged town have found ceramics dating back to the Final Neolithic. Their discovery suggests that Pavlopetri, off the southern Laconia coast of Greece, was occupied some 5,000 years ago — at least 1,200 years earlier than originally thought.

These remarkable findings have been made public by the Greek government after the start of a five year collaborative project involving the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and The University of Nottingham.

As a Mycenaean town the site offers potential new insights into the workings of Mycenaean society. Pavlopetri has added importance as it was a maritime settlement from which the inhabitants coordinated local and long distance trade.

The Pavlopetri Underwater Archaeology Project aims to establish exactly when the site was occupied, what it was used for and through a systematic study of the geomorphology of the area, how the town became submerged.

This summer the team carried out a detailed digital underwater survey and study of the structural remains, which until this year were thought to belong to the Mycenaean period — around 1600 to 1000 BC. The survey surpassed all their expectations. Their investigations revealed another 150 square metres of new buildings as well as ceramics that suggest the site was occupied throughout the Bronze Age — from at least 2800 BC to 1100 BC.

The work is being carried out by a multidisciplinary team led by Mr Elias Spondylis, Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture in Greece and Dr Jon Henderson, an underwater archaeologist from the Department of Archaeology at The University of Nottingham.

Dr Jon Henderson said: “This site is unique in that we have almost the complete town plan, the main streets and domestic buildings, courtyards, rock-cut tombs and what appear to be religious buildings, clearly visible on the seabed. Equally as a harbour settlement, the study of the archaeological material we have recovered will be extremely important in terms of revealing how maritime trade was conducted and managed in the Bronze Age.”

Possibly one of the most important discoveries has been the identification of what could be a megaron — a large rectangular great hall — from the Early Bronze Age period. They have also found over 150 metres of new buildings including what could be the first example of a pillar crypt ever discovered on the Greek mainland. Two new stone built cist graves were also discovered alongside what appears to be a Middle Bronze Age pithos burial.

Mr Spondylis said: “It is a rare find and it is significant because as a submerged site it was never re-occupied and therefore represents a frozen moment of the past.”

The Archaeological Co-ordinator Dr Chrysanthi Gallou a postdoctoral research fellow at The University of Nottingham is an expert in Aegean Prehistory and the archaeology of Laconia.

Dr Gallou said: “The new ceramic finds form a complete and exceptional corpus of pottery covering all sub-phases from the Final Neolithic period (mid 4th millennium BC) to the end of the Late Bronze Age (1100 BC). In addition, the interest from the local community in Laconia has been fantastic. The investigation at Pavlopetri offers a great opportunity for them to be actively involved in the preservation and management of the site, and subsequently for the cultural and touristic development of the wider region.”

The team was joined by Dr Nicholas Flemming, a marine geo-archaeologist from the Institute of Oceanography at the University of Southampton, who discovered the site in 1967 and returned the following year with a team from Cambridge University to carry out the first ever survey of the submerged town. Using just snorkels and tape measures they produced a detail plan of the prehistoric town which consisted of at least 15 separate buildings, courtyards,

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Race to preserve the world's oldest submerged town by coldrum on Friday, 19 June 2009
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Race to preserve the world's oldest submerged town

The oldest submerged town in the world is about to give up its secrets — with the help of equipment that could revolutionise underwater archaeology.

The ancient town of Pavlopetri lies in three to four metres of water just off the coast of southern Laconia in Greece. The ruins date from at least 2800 BC through to intact buildings, courtyards, streets, chamber tombs and some thirty-seven cist graves which are thought to belong to the Mycenaean period (c.1680-1180 BC). This Bronze Age phase of Greece provides the historical setting for much Ancient Greek literature and myth, including Homer's Age of Heroes.

Underwater archaeologist Dr Jon Henderson, from The University of Nottingham, will be the first archaeologist to have official access to the site in 40 years. Despite its potential international importance no work has been carried out at the site since it was first mapped in 1968 and Dr Henderson has had to get special permission from the Greek government to examine the submerged town.

Although Mycenaean power was largely based on their control of the sea, little is known about the workings of the harbour towns of the period as archaeology to date has focused on the better known inland palaces and citadels. Pavlopetri was presumably once a thriving harbour town where the inhabitants conducted local and long distance trade throughout the Mediterranean — its sandy and well-protected bay would have been ideal for beaching Bronze Age ships. As such the site offers major new insights into the workings of Mycenaean society.

The aim of Dr Henderson's project is to discover the history and development of Pavlopetri, find out when it was occupied, what it was used for and through a systematic study of the geomorphology of the area establish why the town disappeared under the sea.

Dr Henderson, from the Underwater Archaeology Research Centre (UARC) in the Department of Archaeology, said: “This site is of rare international archaeological importance. It is imperative that the fragile remains of this town are accurately recorded and preserved before they are lost forever. A fundamental aim of the project is to raise awareness of the importance of the site and ensure that it is ethically managed and presented to the public in a way which is sustainable and of benefit to both the development of tourism and the local community.”


The submerged buildings, courtyards, streets, tombs and graves, lie just off a sandy stretch of beach close to an area popular with holiday makers and campers. Under threat from tourism and industry the remains are being damaged by boats dragging their anchors, inquisitive snorkelers on the hunt for souvenirs and the growth of marine organisms which are also taking their toll degrading the fragile 3,500 year old walls.

The survey, in collaboration with Mr Elias Spondylis of the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture, will be carried out using equipment originally developed for the military and offshore oilfield market but looks set to transform underwater archaeological survey and recording.

Dr Henderson and his team will carry out a detailed millimeter accurate digital underwater survey of the site using an acoustic scanner developed by a major North American offshore engineering company. The equipment can produce photo-realistic, three dimensional digital surveys of seabed features and underwater structures to sub-millimetre accuracy in a matter of minutes.

Dr Henderson said: “The ability to survey submerged structures, from shipwrecks to sunken cities, quickly, accurately and more importantly, cost effectively, is a major obstacle to the future development of underwater archaeology. I believe we now have a technique which effectively solves this problem.”

Joining the team will be Dr Nicholas Flemming who discovered the site in 1967. The follo

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