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<< Text Pages >> Balanica Cave - Cave or Rock Shelter in Serbia

Submitted by davidmorgan on Monday, 13 February 2012  Page Views: 4189

Natural PlacesSite Name: Balanica Cave
Country: Serbia
NOTE: This site is 44.755 km away from the location you searched for.

Type: Cave or Rock Shelter
Nearest Town: Niš  Nearest Village: Sicevo
Latitude: 43.337165N  Longitude: 22.085237E
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
no data Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4
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Cave or Rock Shelter in Serbia.

A Palaeolithic cave settlement dating from 113,000 BCE.

"Part of a large team of international researchers lead by Dušan Mihailović of the University of Belgrade, Roksandic and her colleagues have been examining the mandible discovery that was excavated at the Mala Balanica cave in 2008. This is one of the few very old human fossils from Southeast Europe recovered in archaeological excavations. With the date of at least 113,000 years, it raises important questions about the spread of Neandertals and earlier hominins in the Central Balkans."
University of Winnipeg.
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Nearby sites listing. In the following links * = Image available
 15.7km W 262° Narodni muzej Niš* Museum
 58.1km SW 223° Caričin Grad* Ancient Village or Settlement
 60.0km WSW 257° Pločnik* Ancient Village or Settlement
 63.0km N 7° Felix Romuliana* Ancient Palace
 64.9km NNE 14° Zaječar museum* Museum
 67.4km WNW 294° Narodni Muzej Kruševac* Museum
 80.2km NW 317° Zavičajni Muzej Paraćin* Museum
 86.8km S 187° Maniste Necropolis* Barrow Cemetery
 87.9km SE 135° Sacred Nuraghe Well (Garlo)* Holy Well or Sacred Spring
 110.1km SE 132° Krivi Kamik* Hillfort
 112.9km N 359° Rudna Glava Ancient Mine, Quarry or other Industry
 119.7km S 185° Cocev Kamen* Cave or Rock Shelter
 121.3km S 189° Kokino* Rock Outcrop
 122.1km NW 315° Grncarica Ancient Village or Settlement
 123.4km SE 125° National Archaeological Museum of Bulgaria* Museum
 133.0km E 88° Ohoden-Valoga Ancient Village or Settlement
 135.7km N 358° Lepenski Vir* Ancient Village or Settlement
 139.3km WNW 295° Mrcajevci Barrow Cemetery
 145.9km N 6° The face of Dacian King Decebalus* Sculptured Stone
 148.0km N 7° Tabula Traiana* Carving
 149.3km NNE 16° Schela Cladovei* Ancient Village or Settlement
 149.4km N 349° Chindiei 2 Cave* Rock Art
 150.4km NNE 18° Trajan's Roman Bridge* Ancient Trackway
 152.2km SSW 193° The Sacred Stone of Tekia Standing Stone (Menhir)
 155.6km SSE 157° Piyanets Museum Museum
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Balanica Cave - The Road Through Sicevo by davidmorgan on Monday, 13 February 2012
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Historically, the road through Sicevo gorge was the main communication route from what is today Western Europe to Greece and further on to Anatolia (present-day Turkey). Set in the carstic hillsides of Southern Serbia, near the third largest town in the country, the gorge presents a natural crossroads between the North and the South and the West and the East. Any map of human migrations into Europe – of any given archaeological and historical period – will have at least one arrow placed loosely over this region. The Paleolithic period (2.6 million years to 10,000 years BP) is no exception to this rule. When megafauna (large animals) moved from Africa into Europe in the Early Pleistocene, this was the most likely corridor for their movement. The megafauna was followed by the “megafauna-chasing-hominins” – hunters or scavengers who must have used the same route in their early advancement into Europe.

The Balkans area in which the gorge is located is not only incredibly promising as a potential region for investigating early dispersal of humans into Europe, it is also a natural refuge for later populations of plants, animals and humans that were chased out of northern realms by advancing glaciers. What makes this glacial refuge different from the other two southern peninsulas of Europe (the Apennine and the Pyrenean), is the fact that it never experienced isolation from the rest of the world during glacial times. One, then, has to wonder why the Balkans in the Pleistocene has received so little attention in archaeological research. Could it be that the actual richness of archaeological remains in the region, that of the classical (both Greek and Roman) architecture and archaeology, and the rich Neolithic heritage and unique Mesolithic manifestations with sculptures and urban planning, precluded research into far less visible and far more difficult to access Pleistocene sites? It could well be so. The late 19th century findings of Pleistocene specimens, a skull of Neandertal from Belgrade and a Pleistocene mandible from the loesses in the vicinity of the same city, both Paleolithic artefacts of southern Serbia, were soon forgotten or lost during the turbulent first half of the 20th century.

Fortunately for us, a systematic reconnaissance of the Central Balkans is taking hold. In Serbia, it has been through the efforts of Professor Dusan Mihailovic of the University of Belgrade, and the Senior curator of prehistory at the National Museum of Belgrade, Bojana Mihailovic, that we now have archaeologically sound information about a number of sites in the region, and are slowly and painstakingly building the picture of human occupation of the Balkans during the Paleolithic. From the Pannonian basin all the way to Southern Serbia they have identified and excavated a number of very unique Mousterian sites, both open air and in caves. (The Mousterian was a stone tool industry or culture that was commonly produced and used by Neandertals). They are starting to discern different patterns of occupation and different tool kits. The possibility of reconstructing migrations of Paleolithic populations, and the way that different groups among them established contact, is slowly emerging. The large geographic and temporal scale and the lack of supporting faunal, geomorphological and paleoenvironmental analysis makes this task difficult but extremely rewarding. Every new find is significant and every new site is now telling a unique, previously unheard story of hominin migration, mode of life and interaction with the environment and other hominin groups in the region.

In Sicevo (pronounced Sichevo) and Jelasnica (Yelashnitza) gorges alone, we have over the last 6 years identified and (to an extent) excavated four caves with definite Pleistocene remains and one open air site that was most likely used for raw material quarrying. When all of the sites in the region are taken together, the sequence possibly spreads over most of the Middle and Upper Pleistocene and covers the important time when Upper Pal

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