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Stone Circles, a Modern Builder's Guide to the Megalithic Revival

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<< Our Photo Pages >> Wissous - Ancient Village or Settlement in France in Ile-de-France:Essonne (91)

Submitted by davidmorgan on Friday, 30 September 2011  Page Views: 7741

Multi-periodSite Name: Wissous
Country: France
NOTE: This site is 6.393 km away from the location you searched for.

Département: Ile-de-France:Essonne (91) Type: Ancient Village or Settlement
Nearest Town: Wissous
Latitude: 48.720552N  Longitude: 2.331370E
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
1 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
2 Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4

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Wissous
Wissous submitted by Andy B : Image copyright Denis Gliksman/Inrap Site in Ile-de-France:Essonne (91) France (Vote or comment on this photo)
Ancient Settlement in Essonne. A team of archaeologists from Inrap are currently excavating this important Gaulish site located in Wissous, northern France, which was occupied from the late Bronze Age (800BC).

Note: Uncovering a wealthy Gaulish farmstead
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Wissous
Wissous submitted by Andy B : Image copyright Denis Gliksman/Inrap Site in Ile-de-France:Essonne (91) France (Vote or comment on this photo)

Wissous
Wissous submitted by Andy B : Trous de poteaux formant l'armature d'un des bâtiments de la ferme gauloise, IIe siècle avant notre ère, Wissous (Essonne), 2011. D'une superficie au sol d'environ 200 m2, le bâtiment présente une forme allongée arrondie aux extrémités. Le diamètre des poteaux suggère la présence d'au moins un étage. Wissous © Denis Gliksman/Inrap Site in Ile-de-France:Essonne (91) Fran... (Vote or comment on this photo)

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"Wissous" | Login/Create an Account | 5 News and Comments
  
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Wissous et les élites parisii de la fin de l’indépendance gauloise by Andy B on Friday, 30 September 2011
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Approximate English translation here
http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=fr&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inrap.fr%2Farcheologie-preventive%2FActualites%2FCommuniques-de-presse%2FLes-derniers-communiques%2FCommuniques-nationaux%2Fp-13573-Wissous-et-les-elites-parisii-de-la-fin-de-l-independance-gauloise.htm

French press release with site photo gallery here
http://www.inrap.fr/archeologie-preventive/Actualites/Communiques-de-presse/Les-derniers-communiques/Communiques-nationaux/p-13573-Wissous-et-les-elites-parisii-de-la-fin-de-l-independance-gauloise.htm

Une équipe de l’Inrap fouille actuellement, à Wissous, sur prescription de l’État (Drac Île-de-France) sur l’emprise de l’aéroport Paris-Orly, un important site gaulois. Sur 4 hectares, il est occupé dès l’âge du Bronze final (vers 800 avant notre ère) mais il révèle surtout une puissante ferme datée du IIe siècle avant notre ère.

Le renouvellement des données issues, en particulier, des grandes fouilles préventives de ce type conduites par l’Inrap a transformé en profondeur les savoirs sur la période gauloise et, à partir du 19 octobre 2011, « Gaulois : une expo renversante », la grande exposition temporaire de la Cité des sciences et de l’industrie, bouscule les idées reçues sur les Gaulois. Ce site en est un bon exemple.

Un imposant établissement gaulois

La ferme, avec plus de 2 hectares, est de dimensions impressionnantes. De plan trapézoïdal, elle est enclose par deux fossés parallèles de 3 m de large et 1,5 m de profondeur.

À l’intérieur de l’enceinte, l’espace est segmenté en deux zones par un énorme fossé rectiligne de 7 m de large et près de 3 m de profondeur. Un tel ouvrage, mobilisant des subsides et une main-d’œuvre importante, au sein d’une imposante exploitation agricole, est une marque de puissance, voire de pouvoir. Ce fossé sépare l’habitat, à l’est, de l’espace agricole, à l’ouest.

L’espace résidentiel est occupé par deux bâtiments successifs d’environ 200 m² au sol. De plan allongé et arrondis aux extrémités, ceux-ci sont édifiés à l’aide de poteaux porteurs en bois dont le diamètre suggère qu’ils supportaient au moins un étage. La charpente était en bois, les parois montées en torchis sur clayonnage, la toiture était de chaume ou de bardeaux. D’un format familial c’est néanmoins la demeure d’une élite locale.
Dans l’espace agricole, l’élevage tient une place importante avec des bœufs et des cochons mais aussi des chevaux. Parmi les outils mis au jour, une serpette révèle la culture des arbres fruitiers. Les activités artisanales sont aussi attestées, le tissage par des pesons et des fusaïoles, la métallurgie et la forge par des scories et des parois de four vitrifiées.

Un mobilier de rejet révélateur

Fossés et dépotoirs livrent fibules, potins frappés par les Parisii, mais aussi amphores vinaires romaines (Dressel I).

Le rejet d’un mobilier métallique non recyclé est une autre marque de l’aisance des habitants qui ont les moyens de le remplacer plutôt que de remployer le métal.
La forte présence d’amphores vinaires italiennes démontre, elle aussi, la richesse de ces Gaulois qui dès le milieu du IIe siècle avant notre ère importent un vin italien coûteux.

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INRAP Virtual Visit panorama by Andy B on Friday, 30 September 2011
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INRAP have produced a Virtual Visit panorama to the dig here:

http://www.inrap.fr/archeologie-preventive/Ressources-multimedias/Visites-virtuelles/wissous/p-13619-Visite-virtuelle-de-la-fouille-de-Wissous.htm
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    Re: INRAP Virtual Visit panorama by golux on Friday, 30 September 2011
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    That Virtual Visit thingy is very impressive, - you really get a good idea of the layout and surroundings of the whole site. And you get to see a passing plane appearing at several places in the sky at once.

    When are you introducing this on the Portal Andy? I am really looking forward to it now!
    [ Reply to This ]

Uncovering a wealthy Gaulish farmstead by davidmorgan on Sunday, 25 September 2011
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A team of archaeologists from Inrap are currently excavating an important Gaulish site located in Wissous, northern France, which was occupied from the late Bronze Age (800BC).

A high status farmstead dating to around 200BC covers two hectares of the site and is of trapezoidal plan enclosed by two parallel ditches measuring 3 metres wide and 1.5 metres deep. The interior of the enclosure is split into two distinct areas by a 7m wide ditch which is almost 3m deep and separates the residential area to the east from the agricultural space to the west.

The site lies within the region that was once Parisii tribal territory and is located close to an ancient road that linked to Cenabum Lutetia (Orleans). The farmstead was located at the centre of a regional trade network and bears all the hallmarks of belonging to a wealthy local family.

The residential area contains evidence for two successive sub-rectangular buildings, both with footprints of approximately 200 m². The diameters of the postholes suggest that the structures could have supported two floors, and although no evidence of the roof survives, it was likely that it was covered in either thatch or wooden shingles. The buildings were constructed using a solid wooden framework and infilled with wattle and daub.

Evidence has been found for cattle, pig and horse husbandry, and the discovery of metal pruning implements suggest that the farm may have had an orchard. Craft activities consisted of weaving – loom weights and spinning whorls have been found – and metal working evidenced from the slag and furnace material recovered.
Dumps reveal Gaulish wealth

The ditches and midden deposits produced several items of broken jewellery and Parisii coinage which appear to have been deliberately thrown away rather than re-cycled, implying an affluent family who could afford to replace rather than repair or re-use. Significant quantities of broken Roman amphora (Dressel I) were also found in the midden deposits, which again emphasises the implied wealth of the occupants of this site, who could afford to import expensive Italian wines.

Large quantities of cattle and horse skulls have been found dumped into various surrounding ditches, however, two possible ritual deposits have been discovered at either end of the central dividing ditch. The first is composed of ceramic and copper items along with a Gaulish warrior’s bronze torc. The second deposit is still under investigation.

To date there have been no formal burials found, but human skull fragments have been discovered in the ditches.

This site has given a unique insight into a remarkably long-lived and wealthy farmstead which traces its origins to the late Bronze Age and continued as an important local centre into the Gallo-Roman period some 600 years later.

http://www.pasthorizonspr.com/index.php/archives/09/2011/uncovering-a-wealthy-gaulish-farmstead#ixzz1Yims6U00

Submitted by coldrum.
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