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<< Our Photo Pages >> Crystal River Archaeological State Park - Barrow Cemetery in United States in The South

Submitted by bat400 on Sunday, 09 January 2011  Page Views: 9310

Neolithic and Bronze AgeSite Name: Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Country: United States
NOTE: This site is 67.443 km away from the location you searched for.

Region: The South Type: Barrow Cemetery

Latitude: 28.916900N  Longitude: 82.60917W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
3 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
4 Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4

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Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River Archaeological State Park submitted by Andy B : The Crystal River archaeological site is made up of a group of shell middens, burial mounds and platform mounds. These features comprise a larger ceremonial complex of plazas and other landscape features. Two large platform mounds on the site are believed to have been used primarily for ceremonial purposes. Thier size, structural uniformity and distinctive flat tops set them apart from the other m... (Vote or comment on this photo)
Burial Mound and Ceremonial Complex in Citrus County, Florida.
Although the area was originally occupied 2500 years ago, the ceremonial center dates to the Middle Woodland period (~400AD). The site covers 61-acres and has burial mounds, building/platform mounds, and a plaza area. The six-mound complex is one of the longest continuously occupied sites in Florida.

The site was originally excavated in the early 1900s. Recently, substantial vegetation cover on the mounds has been removed to allow planned geophysical examination. The site is part of a Florida State Park and includes a visitor's center with interpretive exhibits, as well as narrated boat tours on the Crystal River, some of which focus on the use of the estuary by the original inhabitants. The are also facilities for picnics, wildlife viewing, and fishing.

A National Historic Landmark, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Note: Article from Popular Archaeology: The Forgotten South: Exploring the Middle Woodland Period in the Deep South, also we see the Crystal River site has some fascinating 'stele' stones, see the photo
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Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River Archaeological State Park submitted by Andy B : Two vertical limestone slabs or 'stele' were discovered by former State Park Archaeologist Ripley Bullen in 1964 as part of an extensive archaeological survey of the park. The function of these slabs is uncertain although they appear to have been used as a type of marker. An astronomical connection has been suggested but not proven. (Vote or comment on this photo)

Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River Archaeological State Park submitted by AKFisher : Reconstruction paintings of the Crystal River mounds in Florida. These are in the site museum. Photo courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016).  (Vote or comment on this photo)

Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River Archaeological State Park submitted by AKFisher : Pottery sherd excavated from the Crystal River mound complex in Florida by C. B. Moore (1907). Photo courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016).  (Vote or comment on this photo)

Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River Archaeological State Park submitted by AKFisher : Various artifacts excavated from the Crystal River, Florida Mound Complex by C. B. Moore (1903). Crystal River is a mound site generally acknowledged as having an "influence" from Mexican cultures (Yucatan). Photo courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016).  (Vote or comment on this photo)

Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River Archaeological State Park submitted by AKFisher : Photo courtesy Dr Greg Little, author of the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Native American Indian Mounds & Earthworks (2016). The largest mound at the Crystal River Mound Complex in Florida. This is a site where mainstream archaeology agrees that there was a "Mexican" cultural influence.

Crystal River Archaeological State Park
Crystal River Archaeological State Park submitted by durhamnature : Diagram, from "Crystal River Revisited" via archive.org

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Nearby sites listing. In the following links * = Image available
 72.7km S 190° Oelsner Indian Mound* Artificial Mound
 101.1km S 184° Safety Harbor Mound* Artificial Mound
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 122.0km E 87° Hontoon Island State Park* Artificial Mound
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 156.5km ENE 75° Ormond Burial Mound* Barrow Cemetery
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 190.6km NNE 32° Mill Cove Complex* Artificial Mound
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"Crystal River Archaeological State Park" | Login/Create an Account | 2 News and Comments
  
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Crystal River Archaeological State Park by Andy B on Sunday, 09 January 2011
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A National Historic Landmark, this 61-acre, pre-Columbian, Native American site has burial mounds, temple/platform mounds, a plaza area and a substantial midden. The six-mound complex is one of the longest continuously occupied sites in Florida. For 1,600 years the site served as an imposing ceremonial center for Native Americans. People traveled to the complex from great distances to bury their dead and conduct trade. It is estimated that as many as 7,500 Native Americans may have visited the complex every year. Although primarily an archaeological site, the park sits on the edge of an expansive coastal marsh. Anglers may catch saltwater and freshwater fish. As part of the Great Florida Birding Trail, the park offers bird-watchers the chance to observe a variety of birds.

http://www.floridastateparks.org/crystalriverarchaeological/default.cfm

Native Americans who lived here until about 500 years ago built the ceremonial mound complex at Crystal River. It was settled about 2,500 years ago when the river system and local marine estuary had matured and could provide enough food to sustain a large sedentary population. Throughout the site's occupation, social complexities and ceremonialism changed as populations increased. Although ideas and technologies from other areas filtered in and were adopted, these coastal dwellers retained much of their own cultural identity. Archaeological evidence shows the influence of at least three cultural periods at the Crystal River site.

http://www.floridastateparks.org/history/parkhistory.cfm?parkid=61
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The Forgotten South: Exploring the Middle Woodland Period in the Deep South by Andy B on Sunday, 09 January 2011
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More about the Middle Woodland Period from Popular Archaeology:

ARCHAEOLOGY IN NORTH AMERICA, as popularized by the popular press, visual media and tourist industry, tends to focus on a few specific areas; The Four Corners Region and its cliff dwellings, pueblos and prehistoric roadways, the Mississippian Period in the Southeast with its large villages and massive pyramidal temple mounds, and the age of European contact. Few have extolled the achievements of what archaeologists call the great "Woodland Period", and more particularly the Middle Woodland. Though it has been left out of the limelight, the Middle Woodland Period of the southeastern United States has nevertheless added a very important chapter to the prehistory of native americans on the North American continent.

Originally the prize of early North American archaeologists and collectors, Middle Woodland burial mounds were examined extensively during the late 19th and early 20th century. By the end of the Second World War, many burial mounds had been excavated, looted, destroyed by construction, or simply forgotten as interest in the period waned. The grave goods recovered from the mounds included: exceptional ceramic vessels, shell cups, projectile points, and jewelry made from copper and silver. These are now little more than curious artifacts in museums and private collections throughout the United States.

The term Woodland was originally introduced as an overall term to describe the prehistoric sites which dated between the early hunter- gatherer peoples of the Archaic and the Mississippian Mound Builders of the eastern United States; however, archaeologists have discovered that some sites, yielding beautifully constructed ceramics and grave goods that had originally been classified as Mississippian, may have actually been remains of the Woodland.

The Woodland Period is typically characterized by the appearance of the cultivation of crops, a more settled village life, mound building, exotic raw material use, and the extensive use of pottery. These things, which appeared first in the Late Archaic Period, were more widely developed and spread throughout the entire east coast. The Woodland dates from 1000 B.C.E to 1000 C.E. and is divided into three intervals, the Early (1000 B.C.E to 200 C.E.), Middle (200 C.E. to 400 C.E), and Late Woodland (500 C.E.1000 C.E.). The Middle Woodland, the focus here, was marked by a rise in the number of burial mounds and elaborately adorned grave sites. Pottery styles became more specialized and exhibited a wider range in design and complexity. Check stamped pottery, animal effigies, and ceramic figurines can be found throughout the entire eastern United States.

The most well known of the Middle Woodland Period cultures is called the Hopewellian, and is located in Illinois and Ohio. Evidence of Hopewellian interaction can be found well into the Southeast, and though it is considered as part of the “Hopewellian Sphere,” many local diverse cultures flourished. A trade network for exotic goods like quartz, sharks teeth and marine shells from the Florida Coast and Carolinas can be found in Hopewellian burial mounds, while copper from the Great Lakes and galena and flint from Ohio and Illinois have been recovered within numerous burial sites in the Southeast.

More, with illustrations in
http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/january-2011/article/the-forgotten-south-exploring-the-middle-woodland-period-in-the-deep-south
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