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<< Our Photo Pages >> Guitarrero Cave - Cave or Rock Shelter in Peru

Submitted by davidmorgan on Saturday, 06 October 2012  Page Views: 4877

Natural PlacesSite Name: Guitarrero Cave Alternative Name: Cueva del Guitarrero
Country: Peru
NOTE: This site is 30.481 km away from the location you searched for.

Type: Cave or Rock Shelter
Nearest Town: Huaraz
Latitude: 9.200457S  Longitude: 77.709745W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
no data Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
3
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Guitarrero Cave
Guitarrero Cave submitted by bat400_photo : Ají amarillo pepper depicted on a Moche (100 AD to 800 AD)vessel. At the much earlier cultural deposits of Guitarrero Cave, remains of this domesticated plant were found dating to 8500 BCE. Larco Museum Collection. Original Upload Date 15 August 2007(2007-08-15). Free Use. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation... (Vote or comment on this photo)
Cave in the Ancash Region of Peru. One of the earliest human habitation sites in South America dating from approximately 10,000 years BC. The earliest textiles and some of the earliest domesticated plants in South America have been found here.

Note: Carbon dating identifies South America's oldest textiles
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Carbon dating identifies South America's oldest textiles by davidmorgan on Friday, 05 October 2012
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Textiles and rope fragments found in a Peruvian cave have been dated to around 12,000 years ago, making them the oldest textiles ever found in South America, according to a report in the April issue of Current Anthropology.

The items were found 30 years ago in Guitarrero Cave high in the Andes Mountains. Other artifacts found along with the textiles had been dated to 12,000 ago and even older. However, the textiles themselves had never been dated, and whether they too were that old had been controversial, according to Edward Jolie, an archaeologist at Mercyhurst College (PA) who led this latest research.

The cave had been disturbed frequently by human and geological activity, so it was possible that the textiles could have belonged to much more recent inhabitants. What's more, the prior radiocarbon dates for the site had been taken from bone, obsidian, and charcoal—items that are known to sometimes produce inaccurate radiocarbon ages. According to Jolie, charcoal especially can produce dates that tend to overestimate a site's age.

"By dating the textiles themselves, we were able to confirm their antiquity and refine the timing of the early occupation of the Andes highlands," Jolie said. His team used the latest radiocarbon dating technique—accelerated mass spectrometry—to place the textiles at between 12,100 and 11,080 years old.

The textile items include fragments of woven fabrics possibly used for bags, baskets, wall or floor coverings, or bedding. They were likely left by settlers from lower altitude areas during "periodic forays" into the mountains, the researchers say. "Guitarrero Cave's location at a lower elevation in a more temperate environment as compared with the high Andean [plain] made it an ideal site for humans to camp and provision themselves for excursions to even higher altitudes," Jolie and his colleagues write.

These early mountain forays set the stage for the permanent settlements that came later—after 11,000 years ago—when the climate had warmed, glaciers receded, and settlers had a chance to adapt to living at higher altitudes.

Jolie's research also suggests that women were among these earliest high altitude explorers. Bundles of processed plant material found in the cave indicate that textile weaving occurred on site. "Given what we know about textile and basket production in other cultures, there's a good possibility that it would have been women doing this work," Jolie said.

"There's an assumption that these early forays into the mountains must have been made exclusively by men," he added. "It appears that might not be the case, though more work needs to be done to prove it."

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-04/uocp-cdi041311.php
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