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<< Text Pages >> Lake Titicaca Raised Fields - Ancient Village or Settlement in Peru

Submitted by bat400 on Thursday, 21 October 2010  Page Views: 6160

Multi-periodSite Name: Lake Titicaca Raised Fields
Country: Peru
NOTE: This site is 21.483 km away from the location you searched for.

Type: Ancient Village or Settlement
Nearest Town: Juliaca  Nearest Village: Buena Vista
Latitude: 15.647S  Longitude: 70.1469W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
no data Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
no data Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4
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Ancient Settlement in Peru.
Pre-contact field systems, dating back to before the Inca Empire. These field systems of the Lake Titicaca Basin were built by excavating parallel canals and piling the Earth to form long and low mounds.

They are still worked today, generally with hand tools. The mounds vary in size from 4x10m to 10x100m, but are generally grouped together into larger squares or rectangles.
Clark Erickson and Kay Candler have studied these field systems, which are threatened by modern mechanized agriculture.
The location given is only one of many areas found on the western side of Lake Titicaca. The location was chosen because it is an area where researcher Amelia Sparavigna (Turin's Polytechnic University) believes that the field systems were intentionally formed into geoglyphs. (See the attached news item.)

Raised Fields and Sustainable Agriculture in the Lake Titicaca Basin of Peru, Clark L. Erickson and Kay L. Candler

Note: Researcher Using Google Earth Sees "birds, snakes" in Peruvian Ancient Field Systems.
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"Lake Titicaca Raised Fields" | Login/Create an Account | 2 News and Comments
  
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The Titicaca basin: a paradigmatic region for multidisciplinary studies by Andy B on Thursday, 13 February 2014
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Sitting 3,811 m above sea level, Lake Titicaca is in a basin high in the Andes on the border of Peru and Bolivia. The western part of the lake lies within the Puno Region of Peru, and the eastern side is located in the Bolivian La Paz Department. Both regions have terraced hills and plains covered with raised fields, representing the remains of a huge agricultural system. Near the lake, in Bolivia, we find the well-known ruins of Tiwanaku.

Actually, the Titicaca basin can be a paradigmatic region for the growth of several multidisciplinary studies. There are many interesting researches in archaeology and anthropology, geophysical analysis and remote sensing investigations: all these studies need to be compared to answer questions that are still open on the history of this area. The ancient agricultural system of the raised fields that can be easily and freely observed with Google Maps.

From the point of view of archaeological/anthropological studies, besides of course the researches on the Tiwanaku area with its monumental remains, the “raised fields” are quite important. This system of fields is an old technique of soil and water management, consisting of a series of earthworks on which crops can grow, surrounded by water canals. A known benefit of this system is the frost mitigation during the night, avoiding the damage of crops.

More at
http://stretchingtheboundaries.blogspot.it/2011/04/titicaca-basin-paradigmatic-region-for.html
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Possible Geoglyphs Spotted in Peru by bat400 on Thursday, 21 October 2010
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Submitted by coldrum ---

A huge network of earthworks, or geoglyphs, is visible in satellite imagery of a large area around Titicaca Lake, a researcher claims.
An Italian researcher may have discovered a huge network of earthworks representing birds, snakes and other animals in Peru, according to a study published on the Cornell University physics website arXiv. Amelia Sparavigna, assistant professor at the department of physics of Turin's Polytechnic University, used Google satellite maps and AstroFracTool, an astronomical image-processing program which she developed, to investigate over 463 square miles of land around Peru's Titicaca Lake .

She says she has identified shapes that were built by Andean communities centuries ago.

"This region is covered by terraced walls and raised fields, which are large elevated planting platforms with canals in between. The earthworks represent an almost unimaginable agricultural effort to improve soil, temperature and moisture conditions for the crops," Sparavigna told Discovery News.
According to the researcher, enhanced satellite imagery revealed that some of the land forms are not only the remains of an extensive ancient agricultural system, but also those of formations designed to represent birds, snakes and other animals.

"Past Andean and Amazonian societies imposed order, structure and aesthetics on nature through intentional design, engineering, and activities of everyday life," anthropologist Clark Erickson of the University of Pennsylvania told Discovery News.
"They created a complex environment of fields, paths, roads, canals, shrines, ceremonial centers, and settlements. One expression of this landscape transformation was the creation of geoglyphs or patterns made in earthworks," Erickson said.
Erickson conducted extensive research in the 1980s on the raised fields investigated by Sparavigna. The landforms, "waru waru" or "suka kollus" as the farmers called them, were appropriate for agriculture. The canals in between the cultivated platforms provided a local micro-environment able to reduce frost risks for crops, while water in the canals and in ponds was probably used to cultivate aquatic plants and fish, as well as attract lake birds.
Built by excavating parallel canals and piling the Earth to form long and low mounds, the raised fields featured different forms and sizes. They were about 4 to 10 meters (13 to 32.8 feet) wide, 10 to 100 meters (32.8 to 328 feet) long, and 1 meter (3.2 feet) high.

Sparavigna believes that these elaborate earthworks were planned following the natural slope of the terrain while incorporating symbolic meaning.
According to the researcher, who recently discovered an impact crater in the Bayuda Desert in Sudan using Google Maps, several images seem to depict birds, with ponds representing their eyes.

Others appear to depict snakes, tortoises, fish, armadillos but also "abstract drawings," with patterns of stripes and other objects less easy to identify.

"The patterns are complex and some of this structure certainly reflects Andean concepts of cosmology, deep structure, social organization, measurement systems and art," said Erickson.

But he questioned Sparavigna's interpretation of the earthworks.
"The identifications of particular symbols such as birds, snakes, etc. are not convincing. For example, what appears to be 'a bird wing' in one image, is a modern plowed field with stacks of drying barley or wheat," he said.

According to Sparavigna, Ericskon's observation indicates that superimposed modern cultivations pose a threat to the geoglyphs.
"Modern agriculture can easily destroy them," said Sparavigna.

For more, see the article by Rossella Lorenzi in http://www.seeker.com.
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