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<< Other Photo Pages >> Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site - Ancient Village or Settlement in United States in The Northwest Mountains

Submitted by AKFisher on Tuesday, 22 August 2023  Page Views: 207

Mesolithic, Palaeolithic and EarlierSite Name: Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site Alternative Name: Cooper's Ferry Site, Cooper's Ferry
Country: United States Region: The Northwest Mountains Type: Ancient Village or Settlement
Nearest Town: Cottonwood, ID
Latitude: 45.905740N  Longitude: 116.39652W
Condition:
5Perfect
4Almost Perfect
3Reasonable but with some damage
2Ruined but still recognisable as an ancient site
1Pretty much destroyed, possibly visible as crop marks
0No data.
-1Completely destroyed
3 Ambience:
5Superb
4Good
3Ordinary
2Not Good
1Awful
0No data.
3 Access:
5Can be driven to, probably with disabled access
4Short walk on a footpath
3Requiring a bit more of a walk
2A long walk
1In the middle of nowhere, a nightmare to find
0No data.
no data Accuracy:
5co-ordinates taken by GPS or official recorded co-ordinates
4co-ordinates scaled from a detailed map
3co-ordinates scaled from a bad map
2co-ordinates of the nearest village
1co-ordinates of the nearest town
0no data
4

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Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site
Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site submitted by AKFisher : Point from the Cooper's Ferry site. Photo credit: US Bureau of Land Management. (Vote or comment on this photo)
Cooper's Ferry is an archaeological site along the lower Salmon River near the confluence with Rock Creek in the western part of the US state of Idaho, and part of the Lower Salmon River Archeological District. It is 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of the town of Cottonwood and 63 kilometres (39 mi) upstream from the Snake River. Various lithic and animal remains from the Pleistocene to early Holocene ages have been found there. The site is on traditional Nez Perce land, and known to the tribe as the historical village of Nipéhe.

Excavations:
Initial excavation at the site was conducted by B. Robert Butler in 1961, 1962, and later in 1964. Stemmed projectile points were recovered in a stratified context; no chronometric dating occurred.[1] In 1997 Loren G. Davis conducted a text excavation finding four stemmed points, in the same horizontal position, and 9 other lithic tools (one large uniface, three blades, two lithic cores, two modified flake tools, and a hammerstone). The points were typical of those found in the Columbia Plateau and radiocarbon dated to 11,370 ± 40 years Before Present (about 13,200 calendar years ago). A bone containing a butchering cut mark was also found. Radiocarbon dating of the full excavation produced dates which ranged from Pleistocene to early Holocene ages as the excavation deepened.[2]

The most recent work at the Coopers Ferry site was a joint effort of Oregon State University and the Bureau of Land Management and led by Loren G. Davis. Excavation began in 2009 and ran until 2018. A hearth, pits, and animal bones including extinct horses were found. A number of spear points from the Western Stemmed (Point) Tradition (WSPT or WST) were found in a clearly defined pit.[3] These points have been found in various locations including British Columbia and Texas. Similar points were found in Japan from this period though the similarity has been challenged. Between 2012 and 2017, thirteen complete and incomplete projectile points were found. They ranged from 0.5 inches to 2.0 inches in length. The points had two ends, one sharpened and one stemmed, and were found in pits. Radiocarbon dating provided a date mapping to 15,700 years calendar years ago. This would be several thousand years before the Clovis fluted points.[4][5][6] It has been noted that the dearth of dendrochronological data for America in that period limits radiocarbon calibration. Several researchers have suggested a later date for the finds.[7][8] The excavators have suggested their finds support the idea that early Americans arrived via a coastal route followed by riverine travel.[9][10] An analysis of the data in 2022 supported the earlier dating though the issue is far from closed.[11][12]

References:
1. Butler, B. Robert (1969). "The Earlier Cultural Remains at Cooper's Ferry". Tebiwa. No. 12. pp. 35–50.
2. Davis, Loren G.; David A. Sisson (1998). "An Early Stemmed Point Cache From the Lower Salmon River Canyon of West-Central Idaho". Current Research in the Pleistocene (15): 12–14.
3. Paulson, Kirsten (March 20, 2023). Western Stemmed Tradition Technologies and Faunal Remains from a Terminal Pleistocene Pit Feature at the Cooper’s Ferry Site (Masters thesis).
4. Davis, Loren G.; et al. (2019). "Late upper paleolithic occupation at Cooper's Ferry, Idaho, USA, ~16,000 years ago". Science. 365 (6456): 891–897.
5. Wade, Lizzie (2019). "Ancient site in Idaho implies first Americans came by sea". Science. 365 (6456): 848–849.
6. Carroll, Amanda J. (2018). Perspectives on Pits of the Western Stemmed Tradition: An Analysis on the Contents of Feature 59 at the Cooper’s Ferry Site (Thesis).
7. Manning, Sturt W. (2020). "Comment on "Late Upper Paleolithic occupation at Cooper's Ferry, Idaho, USA, ~16,000 years ago". Science. 368 (6487).
8. Davis, L. G.; et al. (2020). "Response to Comment on "Late Upper Paleolithic occupation at Cooper's Ferry, Idaho, USA, ~16,000 years ago". Science. 368 (6487).
9. Fiedel, Stuart J.; et al. (2021). "Pioneers from Northern Japan in Idaho 16,000 Years Ago? A Critical Evaluation of the Evidence from Cooper's Ferry". PaleoAmerica. 7 (1): 28–42.
10. Scott, G. Richard; et al. (2021). "Peopling the Americas: not "out of Japan" (PDF). PaleoAmerica. 7 (4): 309–332.
11. Davis, Loren G.; et al. (2021). "Response to Review of "Late Upper Paleolithic occupation at Cooper's Ferry, Idaho, USA, ~16,000 years ago" by Fiedel et al". PaleoAmerica. 7 (1): 43–52.
12. Davis, Loren (2022). "Dating of a Large Tool Assemblage at the Cooper's Ferry Site (Idaho, USA) Dated ~15,785 cal yr B.P. Extends Age of Stemmed Points in the Americas". Science Advances. 8 (51). doi:10.1126/sciadv.ade1248. PMC 9788777.

Further reading and information:
- Clark, Jorie; et al. (2022). "The age of the opening of the Ice-Free Corridor and implications for the peopling of the Americas". 119 (14). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
- Davis, Loren G.; et al. (2014). "CONTEXT, PROVENANCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF A WESTERN STEMMED TRADITION ARTIFACT CACHE FROM THE COOPER'S FERRY SITE, IDAHO". American Antiquity. 79 (4): 596–615.
- Davis, Loren G.; Charles E. Schweger (2004). "Geoarchaeological Context of Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Occupation at the Cooper's Ferry Site, Western Idaho, USA". Geoarchaeology. 19: 685–704.
- Davis, Loren G.; Daniel W. Bean; Alexander J. Nyers (2017). "Morphometric And Technological Attributes Of Western Stemmed Tradition Projectile Points Revealed In A Second Artifact Cache From The Coopers Ferry Site, Idaho". American Antiquity. 82 (3): 536–557.
- Davis, Loren G.; Shane J. Macfarlan; Celeste N. Henrickson (2011). "A PXRF-based Chemostratigraphy and Provenience System for the Cooper's Ferry site, Idaho". Journal of Archaeological Science. 39: 663–671.
- Gregory, Alex R. (2021). Comparing Random and Nonrandom Spatial Patterns of Artifacts within Lithostratigraphic Unit 3 at Cooper’s Ferry, Idaho (Thesis).
- Ponkratova, Irina Y.; et al. (2022). "Technological Similarities Between~ 13 ka Stemmed Points from Ushki V, Kamchatka, Russian Far East, and the Earliest Stemmed Points in North America". Maritime Prehistory of Northeast Asia. Singapore: Springer: 233–261.
- Skinner, Sarah M. (2018). A Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Projectile Point Maintenance using Experimental Resharpening Techniques: An Examination of PFP1 Curation, Cooper’s Ferry Site, Idaho (Thesis).
- Smith, Geoffrey M.; et al. (2020). "The Western stemmed tradition: problems and prospects in Paleoindian archaeology in the Intermountain West". PaleoAmerica. 6 (1): 23–42.

Source: Wikipedia

Directions: From Cottonwood, ID via Graves Creek Rd., 12 mi.
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Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site
Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site submitted by AKFisher : Cooper's Ferry artifacts. Photo credit: US Bureau of Land Management. (Vote or comment on this photo)

Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site
Cooper's Ferry Archaeological Site submitted by AKFisher : Cooper's Ferry site area photo. Credit: US Forest Service. (Vote or comment on this photo)

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